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.NET CoreでMVCの外でRazorを使用する

.NET Coreで記述している.NETコンソールアプリケーションのテンプレートエンジンとしてRazorを使用したいと思います。

私が出会ったスタンドアロンのRazorエンジン（RazorEngine、RazorTemplates）はすべて、完全な.NETを必要とします。 .NET Coreで動作するソリューションを探しています。

c#.netrazor.net-core
52
Christof Jans

最近、 RazorLight というライブラリを作成しました。

ASP.NET MVCパーツのような冗長な依存関係はなく、コンソールアプリケーションで使用できます。現時点では、.NET Core（NetStandard1.6）のみをサポートしていますが、それがまさに必要なものです。

短い例を次に示します。

IRazorLightEngine engine = EngineFactory.CreatePhysical("Path-to-your-views");

// Files and strong models
string resultFromFile = engine.Parse("Test.cshtml", new Model("SomeData")); 

// Strings and anonymous models
string stringResult = engine.ParseString("Hello @Model.Name", new { Name = "John" });
33
Toddams

Razor（解析およびC＃コード生成用）およびRoslyn（C＃コードコンパイル用ですが、古いCodeDomも使用できます）のみに依存するサンプルコードを次に示します。

そのコードにはMVCがないため、ビュー、.cshtmlファイル、コントローラー、Razorソースの解析およびコンパイルされたランタイム実行はありません。しかし、まだモデルの概念があります。

追加する必要があるのは、次のnugetパッケージ：Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Language（v2.1.1）、Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Runtime（v2.1.1）、およびMicrosoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp（v2.8.2）nugetsです。

このC＃ソースコードは、NETCore、NETStandard 2、および.NET Frameworkと互換性があります。それをテストするには、.NETフレームワークまたは.NETコアコンソールアプリを作成し、貼り付けて、ナゲットを追加するだけです。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Language;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Language.Extensions;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis;
using Microsoft.CodeAnalysis.CSharp;

namespace RazorTemplate
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // points to the local path
            var fs = RazorProjectFileSystem.Create(".");

            // customize the default engine a little bit
            var engine = RazorProjectEngine.Create(RazorConfiguration.Default, fs, (builder) =>
            {
                InheritsDirective.Register(builder);
                builder.SetNamespace("MyNamespace"); // define a namespace for the Template class
            });

            // get a razor-templated file. My "hello.txt" template file is defined like this:
            //
            // @inherits RazorTemplate.MyTemplate
            // Hello @Model.Name, welcome to Razor World!
            //

            var item = fs.GetItem("hello.txt");

            // parse and generate C# code, outputs it on the console
            //var cs = te.GenerateCode(item);
            //Console.WriteLine(cs.GeneratedCode);

            var codeDocument = engine.Process(item);
            var cs = codeDocument.GetCSharpDocument();

            // now, use roslyn, parse the C# code
            var tree = CSharpSyntaxTree.ParseText(cs.GeneratedCode);

            // define the dll
            const string dllName = "hello";
            var compilation = CSharpCompilation.Create(dllName, new[] { tree },
                new[]
                {
                    MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(object).Assembly.Location), // include corlib
                    MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(typeof(RazorCompiledItemAttribute).Assembly.Location), // include Microsoft.AspNetCore.Razor.Runtime
                    MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Assembly.GetExecutingAssembly().Location), // this file (that contains the MyTemplate base class)

                    // for some reason on .NET core, I need to add this... this is not needed with .NET framework
                    MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(object).Assembly.Location), "System.Runtime.dll")),

                    // as found out by @Isantipov, for some other reason on .NET Core for Mac and Linux, we need to add this... this is not needed with .NET framework
                    MetadataReference.CreateFromFile(Path.Combine(Path.GetDirectoryName(typeof(object).Assembly.Location), "netstandard.dll"))
                },
                new CSharpCompilationOptions(OutputKind.DynamicallyLinkedLibrary)); // we want a dll


            // compile the dll
            string path = Path.Combine(Path.GetFullPath("."), dllName + ".dll");
            var result = compilation.Emit(path);
            if (!result.Success)
            {
                Console.WriteLine(string.Join(Environment.NewLine, result.Diagnostics));
                return;
            }

            // load the built dll
            Console.WriteLine(path);
            var asm = Assembly.LoadFile(path);

            // the generated type is defined in our custom namespace, as we asked. "Template" is the type name that razor uses by default.
            var template = (MyTemplate)Activator.CreateInstance(asm.GetType("MyNamespace.Template"));

            // run the code.
            // should display "Hello Killroy, welcome to Razor World!"
            template.ExecuteAsync().Wait();
        }
    }

    // the model class. this is 100% specific to your context
    public class MyModel
    {
        // this will map to @Model.Name
        public string Name => "Killroy";
    }

    // the sample base template class. It's not mandatory but I think it's much easier.
    public abstract class MyTemplate
    {
        // this will map to @Model (property name)
        public MyModel Model => new MyModel();

        public void WriteLiteral(string literal)
        {
            // replace that by a text writer for example
            Console.Write(literal);
        }

        public void Write(object obj)
        {
            // replace that by a text writer for example
            Console.Write(obj);
        }

        public async virtual Task ExecuteAsync()
        {
            await Task.Yield(); // whatever, we just need something that compiles...
        }
    }
}
26
Simon Mourier

aspnet/Entropy/samples/Mvc.RenderViewToString に.NET Core 1.0の実用例があります。これは変更されるか、なくなる可能性があるため、ここで自分のアプリケーションで使用しているアプローチを詳しく説明します。

Tl; dr-RazorはMVC以外でも非常にうまく機能します！このアプローチでは、部分ビューやビューへのオブジェクトの挿入など、より複雑なレンダリングシナリオも処理できますが、以下の簡単な例を示します。

コアサービスは次のようになります。

RazorViewToStringRenderer.cs

using System;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Abstractions;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;

namespace RenderRazorToString
{
    public class RazorViewToStringRenderer
    {
        private readonly IRazorViewEngine _viewEngine;
        private readonly ITempDataProvider _tempDataProvider;
        private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

        public RazorViewToStringRenderer(
            IRazorViewEngine viewEngine,
            ITempDataProvider tempDataProvider,
            IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            _viewEngine = viewEngine;
            _tempDataProvider = tempDataProvider;
            _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        }

        public async Task<string> RenderViewToString<TModel>(string name, TModel model)
        {
            var actionContext = GetActionContext();

            var viewEngineResult = _viewEngine.FindView(actionContext, name, false);

            if (!viewEngineResult.Success)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Couldn't find view '{0}'", name));
            }

            var view = viewEngineResult.View;

            using (var output = new StringWriter())
            {
                var viewContext = new ViewContext(
                    actionContext,
                    view,
                    new ViewDataDictionary<TModel>(
                        metadataProvider: new EmptyModelMetadataProvider(),
                        modelState: new ModelStateDictionary())
                    {
                        Model = model
                    },
                    new TempDataDictionary(
                        actionContext.HttpContext,
                        _tempDataProvider),
                    output,
                    new HtmlHelperOptions());

                await view.RenderAsync(viewContext);

                return output.ToString();
            }
        }

        private ActionContext GetActionContext()
        {
            var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext
            {
                RequestServices = _serviceProvider
            };

            return new ActionContext(httpContext, new RouteData(), new ActionDescriptor());
        }
    }
}

単純なテストコンソールアプリは、サービス（およびいくつかのサポートサービス）を初期化して呼び出すだけです。

Program.cs

using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.IO;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.FileProviders;
using Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool;
using Microsoft.Extensions.PlatformAbstractions;

namespace RenderRazorToString
{
    public class Program
    {
        public static void Main()
        {
            // Initialize the necessary services
            var services = new ServiceCollection();
            ConfigureDefaultServices(services);
            var provider = services.BuildServiceProvider();

            var renderer = provider.GetRequiredService<RazorViewToStringRenderer>();

            // Build a model and render a view
            var model = new EmailViewModel
            {
                UserName = "User",
                SenderName = "Sender"
            };
            var emailContent = renderer.RenderViewToString("EmailTemplate", model).GetAwaiter().GetResult();

            Console.WriteLine(emailContent);
            Console.ReadLine();
        }

        private static void ConfigureDefaultServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            var applicationEnvironment = PlatformServices.Default.Application;
            services.AddSingleton(applicationEnvironment);

            var appDirectory = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();

            var environment = new HostingEnvironment
            {
                WebRootFileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(appDirectory),
                ApplicationName = "RenderRazorToString"
            };
            services.AddSingleton<IHostingEnvironment>(environment);

            services.Configure<RazorViewEngineOptions>(options =>
            {
                options.FileProviders.Clear();
                options.FileProviders.Add(new PhysicalFileProvider(appDirectory));
            });

            services.AddSingleton<ObjectPoolProvider, DefaultObjectPoolProvider>();

            var diagnosticSource = new DiagnosticListener("Microsoft.AspNetCore");
            services.AddSingleton<DiagnosticSource>(diagnosticSource);

            services.AddLogging();
            services.AddMvc();
            services.AddSingleton<RazorViewToStringRenderer>();
        }
    }
}

これは、ビューモデルクラスがあることを前提としています。

EmailViewModel.cs

namespace RenderRazorToString
{
    public class EmailViewModel
    {
        public string UserName { get; set; }

        public string SenderName { get; set; }
    }
}

そして、レイアウトファイルとビューファイル：

Views/_Layout.cshtml

<!DOCTYPE html>

<html>
<body>
    <div>
        @RenderBody()
    </div>
    <footer>
Thanks,<br />
@Model.SenderName
    </footer>
</body>
</html>

Views/EmailTemplate.cshtml

@model RenderRazorToString.EmailViewModel
@{ 
    Layout = "_EmailLayout";
}

Hello @Model.UserName,

<p>
    This is a generic email about something.<br />
    <br />
</p>
16
Nate Barbettini

ASP.NET Core 2.0プロジェクトでスコープサービスとして機能するNateの回答を取得するためのクラスを次に示します。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Http;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Abstractions;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ModelBinding;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Rendering;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.ViewFeatures;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Routing;

namespace YourNamespace.Services
{
    public class ViewRender : IViewRender
    {
        private readonly IRazorViewEngine _viewEngine;
        private readonly ITempDataProvider _tempDataProvider;
        private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;

        public ViewRender(
            IRazorViewEngine viewEngine,
            ITempDataProvider tempDataProvider,
            IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
        {
            _viewEngine = viewEngine;
            _tempDataProvider = tempDataProvider;
            _serviceProvider = serviceProvider;
        }

        public async Task<string> RenderAsync(string name)
        {
            return await RenderAsync<object>(name, null);
        }

        public async Task<string> RenderAsync<TModel>(string name, TModel model)
        {
            var actionContext = GetActionContext();

            var viewEngineResult = _viewEngine.FindView(actionContext, name, false);

            if (!viewEngineResult.Success)
            {
                throw new InvalidOperationException(string.Format("Couldn't find view '{0}'", name));
            }

            var view = viewEngineResult.View;

            using (var output = new StringWriter())
            {
                var viewContext = new ViewContext(
                    actionContext,
                    view,
                    new ViewDataDictionary<TModel>(
                        metadataProvider: new EmptyModelMetadataProvider(),
                        modelState: new ModelStateDictionary())
                    {
                        Model = model
                    },
                    new TempDataDictionary(
                        actionContext.HttpContext,
                        _tempDataProvider),
                    output,
                    new HtmlHelperOptions());

                await view.RenderAsync(viewContext);

                return output.ToString();
            }
        }

        private ActionContext GetActionContext()
        {
            var httpContext = new DefaultHttpContext {RequestServices = _serviceProvider};
            return new ActionContext(httpContext, new RouteData(), new ActionDescriptor());
        }
    }

    public interface IViewRender
    {
        Task<string> RenderAsync(string name);

        Task<string> RenderAsync<TModel>(string name, TModel model);
    }
}

Startup.csで

public void ConfigureServices(IServiceCollection services)
{
     services.AddScoped<IViewRender, ViewRender>();
}

コントローラー内

public class VenuesController : Controller
{
    private readonly IViewRender _viewRender;

    public VenuesController(IViewRender viewRender)
    {
        _viewRender = viewRender;
    }

    public async Task<IActionResult> Edit()
    {
        string html = await _viewRender.RenderAsync("Emails/VenuePublished", venue.Name);
        return Ok();
    }
}
6
ArcadeRenegade

かみそりのライトをいじるのに数日費やしましたが、htmlヘルパー（@ Html。*）やurlヘルパーがないなど、いくつかの欠点があります。

Mvcアプリの外部で使用するためにカプセル化されたソリューションを次に示します。 aspnetコアおよびmvcへのパッケージ参照が必要ですが、これらはサービスまたはコンソールアプリケーションに簡単に追加できます。コントローラやWebサーバーは必要ありません。 RenderToStringAsyncは、ビューを文字列にレンダリングするために呼び出すメソッドです。

利点は、.netコアWebプロジェクトと同じ方法でビューを作成できることです。同じ@Htmlおよび他のヘルパー関数とメソッドを使用できます。

独自のカスタムプロバイダーでカミソリビューオプションのセットアップで物理ファイルプロバイダーを置換または追加して、データベースやWebサービス呼び出しなどからビューをロードできます。WindowsおよびLinuxで.net core 2.2でテスト済み。

.csprojファイルの先頭行にこれが必要であることに注意してください。

<Project Sdk="Microsoft.NET.Sdk.Web">

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Dynamic;
using System.IO;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading.Tasks;

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Hosting.Internal;
using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Mvc.Razor;
using Microsoft.Extensions.DependencyInjection;
using Microsoft.Extensions.FileProviders;
using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;
using Microsoft.Extensions.ObjectPool;

namespace RazorRendererNamespace
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Renders razor pages with the absolute minimum setup of MVC, easy to use in console application, does not require any other classes or setup.
    /// </summary>
    public class RazorRenderer : ILoggerFactory, ILogger
    {
        private class ViewRenderService : IDisposable, ITempDataProvider, IServiceProvider
        {
            private static readonly System.Net.IPAddress localIPAddress = System.Net.IPAddress.Parse("127.0.0.1");

            private readonly Dictionary<string, object> tempData = new Dictionary<string, object>(StringComparer.OrdinalIgnoreCase);
            private readonly IRazorViewEngine _viewEngine;
            private readonly ITempDataProvider _tempDataProvider;
            private readonly IServiceProvider _serviceProvider;
            private readonly IHttpContextAccessor _httpContextAccessor;

            public ViewRenderService(IRazorViewEngine viewEngine,
                IHttpContextAccessor httpContextAccessor,
                ITempDataProvider tempDataProvider,
                IServiceProvider serviceProvider)
            {
                _viewEngine = viewEngine;
                _httpContextAccessor = httpContextAccessor;
                _tempDataProvider = tempDataProvider ?? this;
                _serviceProvider = serviceProvider ?? this;
            }

            public void Dispose()
            {

            }

            public async Task<string> RenderToStringAsync<TModel>(string viewName, TModel model, ExpandoObject viewBag = null, bool isMainPage = false)
            {
                HttpContext httpContext;
                if (_httpContextAccessor?.HttpContext != null)
                {
                    httpContext = _httpContextAccessor.HttpContext;
                }
                else
                {
                    DefaultHttpContext defaultContext = new DefaultHttpContext { RequestServices = _serviceProvider };
                    defaultContext.Connection.RemoteIpAddress = localIPAddress;
                    httpContext = defaultContext;
                }
                var actionContext = new ActionContext(httpContext, new RouteData(), new ActionDescriptor());
                using (var sw = new StringWriter())
                {
                    var viewResult = _viewEngine.FindView(actionContext, viewName, isMainPage);

                    if (viewResult.View == null)
                    {
                        viewResult = _viewEngine.GetView("~/", viewName, isMainPage);
                    }

                    if (viewResult.View == null)
                    {
                        return null;
                    }

                    var viewDictionary = new ViewDataDictionary(new EmptyModelMetadataProvider(), new ModelStateDictionary())
                    {
                        Model = model
                    };
                    if (viewBag != null)
                    {
                        foreach (KeyValuePair<string, object> kv in (viewBag as IDictionary<string, object>))
                        {
                            viewDictionary.Add(kv.Key, kv.Value);
                        }
                    }
                    var viewContext = new ViewContext(
                        actionContext,
                        viewResult.View,
                        viewDictionary,
                        new TempDataDictionary(actionContext.HttpContext, _tempDataProvider),
                        sw,
                        new HtmlHelperOptions()
                    );

                    await viewResult.View.RenderAsync(viewContext);
                    return sw.ToString();
                }
            }

            object IServiceProvider.GetService(Type serviceType)
            {
                return null;
            }

            IDictionary<string, object> ITempDataProvider.LoadTempData(HttpContext context)
            {
                return tempData;
            }

            void ITempDataProvider.SaveTempData(HttpContext context, IDictionary<string, object> values)
            {
            }
        }

        private readonly string rootPath;
        private readonly ServiceCollection services;
        private readonly ServiceProvider serviceProvider;
        private readonly ViewRenderService viewRenderer;

        public RazorRenderer(string rootPath)
        {
            this.rootPath = rootPath;
            services = new ServiceCollection();
            ConfigureDefaultServices(services);
            serviceProvider = services.BuildServiceProvider();
            viewRenderer = new ViewRenderService(serviceProvider.GetRequiredService<IRazorViewEngine>(), null, null, serviceProvider);
        }

        private void ConfigureDefaultServices(IServiceCollection services)
        {
            var environment = new HostingEnvironment
            {
                WebRootFileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(rootPath),
                ApplicationName = typeof(RazorRenderer).Assembly.GetName().Name,
                ContentRootPath = rootPath,
                WebRootPath = rootPath,
                EnvironmentName = "DEVELOPMENT",
                ContentRootFileProvider = new PhysicalFileProvider(rootPath)
            };
            services.AddSingleton<IHostingEnvironment>(environment);
            services.Configure<RazorViewEngineOptions>(options =>
            {
                options.FileProviders.Clear();
                options.FileProviders.Add(new PhysicalFileProvider(rootPath));
            });
            services.AddSingleton<ObjectPoolProvider, DefaultObjectPoolProvider>();
            services.AddSingleton<ILoggerFactory>(this);
            var diagnosticSource = new DiagnosticListener(environment.ApplicationName);
            services.AddSingleton<DiagnosticSource>(diagnosticSource);
            services.AddMvc();
        }

        public void Dispose()
        {
        }

        public Task<string> RenderToStringAsync<TModel>(string viewName, TModel model, ExpandoObject viewBag = null, bool isMainPage = false)
        {
            return viewRenderer.RenderToStringAsync(viewName, model, viewBag, isMainPage);
        }

        void ILoggerFactory.AddProvider(ILoggerProvider provider)
        {

        }

        IDisposable ILogger.BeginScope<TState>(TState state)
        {
            throw new NotImplementedException();
        }

        ILogger ILoggerFactory.CreateLogger(string categoryName)
        {
            return this;
        }

        bool ILogger.IsEnabled(Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LogLevel logLevel)
        {
            return false;
        }

        void ILogger.Log<TState>(Microsoft.Extensions.Logging.LogLevel logLevel, EventId eventId, TState state, Exception exception, Func<TState, Exception, string> formatter)
        {
        }
    }
}
0
jjxtra