MicroPartカードをフォーマットするためにGPartEdが必要でした(GPartEdでフォーマットしたものよりも、フォーマットしたハードドライブやメモリカードで多くの問題が発生するので、ディスクユーティリティをあまり信用しないでください)。 ...新しいハードドライブに破損したパーティションがあります(2か月以上前)。
幸いなことにそれは私のSWAPパーティションだけでしたが、それでも...
いくつかのことを知りたい...
私の質問のすべてに答えることができなくても問題ありません。
これは読み取り専用のベンチマークです。
Windowsというラベルの付いたパーティションには、学校にしばらく時間が必要と思われるWindows 7のインストールが含まれており、Ubuntu 12.04が入手される前に使用していましたリリース。 Ubuntu 12.04をインストールした後、数回起動しました(WindowsのディスクチェックがLinuxパーティションに害を及ぼすかどうかはわかりませんが、Linuxでパーティションテーブルのレイアウトを変更した後は常にチェックディスクを実行するようですGPartEdのようなアプリケーション)。/dev/sda7
は、私が話しているSWAPパーティションです。
私の今の最善の選択肢は、Live CDを起動して/dev/sda7
を再度フォーマットすることです。インストール済みのUbuntuシステムからはフォーマットされません。
暗闇の中で撮影するだけですが、スワップパーティションはまったく破損していません。私はすでにfdisk
とgparted
の不一致を見てきましたが、言うのは悲しいことですが、fdiskはほとんど常に正しいです。
試してください:
#> cat /proc/meminfo | grep -i swap
SwapCached: 10632 kB
SwapTotal: 2094076 kB
SwapFree: 2053324 kB
スワップ領域が実際に使用されていることを確認する必要があります(少なくともそうすることを望みます)。
その「判読不能」な/dev/mapper/cryptswap1
パーティションの説明は、cryptswap1
は実際にマップされた暗号化されたスワップスペースであるため、誰も内容を理解できないことは問題ありません。無効にする場合は、次のスレッドをご覧ください。 cryptswapを無効にする方法
最後になりますが、SMART
ステータス:一目で(読み取りエラー率とシークエラー率を見るだけで)、ドライブが溶けそうだと言っていました。しかし、いや、大丈夫です、私はSMART
がまったく同じと言うドライブを持っています。今後の訪問のために、参考のために(私と他の人の両方のために)完全な出力を投稿します。
#> Sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda
smartctl 5.41 2011-06-09 r3365 [x86_64-linux-3.2.0-24-generic] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Barracuda 7200.12
Device Model: ST3250318AS
Serial Number: 9VM2R3AN
LU WWN Device Id: 5 000c50 015aa8d47
Firmware Version: CC35
User Capacity: 250,059,350,016 bytes [250 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: ATA-8-ACS revision 4
Local Time is: Sun May 27 18:03:03 2012 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 617) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 52) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x103f) SCT Status supported.
SCT Error Recovery Control supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 118 099 006 Pre-fail Always - 196559365
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 097 097 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 320
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 067 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 6277671
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 517
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 158
183 Runtime_Bad_Block 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
184 End-to-End_Error 0x0032 100 100 099 Old_age Always - 0
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
188 Command_Timeout 0x0032 100 099 000 Old_age Always - 41
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 065 065 045 Old_age Always - 35 (Min/Max 21/35)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 035 040 000 Old_age Always - 35 (0 12 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 052 045 000 Old_age Always - 196559365
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
240 Head_Flying_Hours 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 72748156060552
241 Total_LBAs_Written 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 968998393
242 Total_LBAs_Read 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 939693204
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
そして、私はもっと「普通」に見える別のドライブを持っています:
#> Sudo smartctl --all /dev/sdc
smartctl 5.42 2011-10-20 r3458 [x86_64-linux-3.0.6-gentoo-goomba-test-3]
(local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Western Digital Caviar Green (Adv. Format)
Device Model: WDC WD20EARS-00MVWB0
Serial Number: WD-WCAZA2437330
LU WWN Device Id: 5 0014ee 205473c89
Firmware Version: 51.0AB51
User Capacity: 2,000,398,934,016 bytes [2,00 TB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 8
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Sun May 27 18:16:09 2012 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x84) Offline data collection activity
was suspended by an interrupting
command from Host.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine
completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: (37500) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x7b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off
support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 2) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 255) minutes.
Conveyance self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 5) minutes.
SCT capabilities: (0x3035) SCT Status supported.
SCT Feature Control supported.
SCT Data Table supported.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 16
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED
WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x002f 200 200 051 Pre-fail Always - 0
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0027 253 253 021 Pre-fail Always - 1233
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 390
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 200 200 140 Pre-fail Always - 0
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x002e 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 094 094 000 Old_age Always - 4988
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
11 Calibration_Retry_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 388
192 Power-Off_Retract_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 33
193 Load_Cycle_Count 0x0032 135 135 000 Old_age Always - 197801
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 119 109 000 Old_age Always - 31
196 Reallocated_Event_Count 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0032 200 200 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0030 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x0032 200 199 000 Old_age Always - 451
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0008 200 200 000 Old_age Offline - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
No Errors Logged
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
No self-tests have been logged. [To run self-tests, use: smartctl -t]
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
そして、いくつかの「本当の」エラーを含む別のエラーがありますが、それは数ヶ月の小さな苦情の後も生き続けています。
#> Sudo smartctl --all /dev/sda
smartctl 5.42 2011-10-20 r3458 [x86_64-linux-3.0.6-gentoo-goomba-test-3] (local build)
Copyright (C) 2002-11 by Bruce Allen, http://smartmontools.sourceforge.net
=== START OF INFORMATION SECTION ===
Model Family: Seagate Maxtor DiamondMax 20
Device Model: MAXTOR STM3160211AS
Serial Number: 6PT56QN7
Firmware Version: 3.AAE
User Capacity: 160,041,885,696 bytes [160 GB]
Sector Size: 512 bytes logical/physical
Device is: In smartctl database [for details use: -P show]
ATA Version is: 7
ATA Standard is: Exact ATA specification draft version not indicated
Local Time is: Sun May 27 18:33:59 2012 CEST
SMART support is: Available - device has SMART capability.
SMART support is: Enabled
=== START OF READ SMART DATA SECTION ===
SMART overall-health self-assessment test result: PASSED
General SMART Values:
Offline data collection status: (0x82) Offline data collection activity
was completed without error.
Auto Offline Data Collection: Enabled.
Self-test execution status: ( 0) The previous self-test routine completed
without error or no self-test has ever
been run.
Total time to complete Offline
data collection: ( 430) seconds.
Offline data collection
capabilities: (0x5b) SMART execute Offline immediate.
Auto Offline data collection on/off support.
Suspend Offline collection upon new
command.
Offline surface scan supported.
Self-test supported.
No Conveyance Self-test supported.
Selective Self-test supported.
SMART capabilities: (0x0003) Saves SMART data before entering
power-saving mode.
Supports SMART auto save timer.
Error logging capability: (0x01) Error logging supported.
General Purpose Logging supported.
Short self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 1) minutes.
Extended self-test routine
recommended polling time: ( 54) minutes.
SMART Attributes Data Structure revision number: 10
Vendor Specific SMART Attributes with Thresholds:
ID# ATTRIBUTE_NAME FLAG VALUE WORST THRESH TYPE UPDATED WHEN_FAILED RAW_VALUE
1 Raw_Read_Error_Rate 0x000f 102 087 006 Pre-fail Always - 4542948
3 Spin_Up_Time 0x0003 095 095 000 Pre-fail Always - 0
4 Start_Stop_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 1011
5 Reallocated_Sector_Ct 0x0033 100 100 036 Pre-fail Always - 11
7 Seek_Error_Rate 0x000f 089 060 030 Pre-fail Always - 846828717
9 Power_On_Hours 0x0032 086 086 000 Old_age Always - 13126
10 Spin_Retry_Count 0x0013 100 100 097 Pre-fail Always - 0
12 Power_Cycle_Count 0x0032 100 100 020 Old_age Always - 1019
187 Reported_Uncorrect 0x0032 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
189 High_Fly_Writes 0x003a 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
190 Airflow_Temperature_Cel 0x0022 064 052 045 Old_age Always - 36 (Min/Max 22/37)
194 Temperature_Celsius 0x0022 036 048 000 Old_age Always - 36 (0 14 0 0 0)
195 Hardware_ECC_Recovered 0x001a 050 046 000 Old_age Always - 11583613
197 Current_Pending_Sector 0x0012 100 100 000 Old_age Always - 0
198 Offline_Uncorrectable 0x0010 100 100 000 Old_age Offline - 0
199 UDMA_CRC_Error_Count 0x003e 200 169 000 Old_age Always - 48
200 Multi_Zone_Error_Rate 0x0000 100 253 000 Old_age Offline - 0
202 Data_Address_Mark_Errs 0x0032 100 253 000 Old_age Always - 0
SMART Error Log Version: 1
ATA Error Count: 204 (device log contains only the most recent five errors)
CR = Command Register [HEX]
FR = Features Register [HEX]
SC = Sector Count Register [HEX]
SN = Sector Number Register [HEX]
CL = Cylinder Low Register [HEX]
CH = Cylinder High Register [HEX]
DH = Device/Head Register [HEX]
DC = Device Command Register [HEX]
ER = Error register [HEX]
ST = Status register [HEX]
Powered_Up_Time is measured from power on, and printed as
DDd+hh:mm:SS.sss where DD=days, hh=hours, mm=minutes,
SS=sec, and sss=millisec. It "wraps" after 49.710 days.
Error 204 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 5852 hours (243 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 2d 72 00 00 e0 Error: ICRC, ABRT 45 sectors at LBA = 0x00000072 = 114
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 3e 61 00 00 e0 00 00:01:52.203 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:52.133 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:52.125 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:52.104 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:46.941 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 203 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 5852 hours (243 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 2d 72 00 00 e0 Error: ICRC, ABRT 45 sectors at LBA = 0x00000072 = 114
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 3e 61 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.519 READ DMA
c8 00 02 5f 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.511 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.503 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:45.431 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:45.423 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 202 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 5852 hours (243 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 60 00 00 e0 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000060 = 96
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 02 5f 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.519 READ DMA
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.511 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:45.503 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:45.431 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:45.423 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
Error 201 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 5852 hours (243 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 60 00 00 e0 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00000060 = 96
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
c8 00 02 5f 00 00 e0 00 00:01:44.035 READ DMA
25 00 08 af 8a a1 e0 00 00:01:43.980 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:43.972 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:43.968 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:43.904 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
Error 200 occurred at disk power-on lifetime: 5852 hours (243 days + 20 hours)
When the command that caused the error occurred, the device was active or idle.
After command completion occurred, registers were:
ER ST SC SN CL CH DH
-- -- -- -- -- -- --
84 51 00 b6 8a a1 e0 Error: ICRC, ABRT at LBA = 0x00a18ab6 = 10586806
Commands leading to the command that caused the error were:
CR FR SC SN CL CH DH DC Powered_Up_Time Command/Feature_Name
-- -- -- -- -- -- -- -- ---------------- --------------------
25 00 08 af 8a a1 e0 00 00:01:44.035 READ DMA EXT
25 00 06 41 8a a1 e0 00 00:01:43.980 READ DMA EXT
27 00 00 00 00 00 e0 00 00:01:43.972 READ NATIVE MAX ADDRESS EXT
ec 00 00 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:43.968 IDENTIFY DEVICE
ef 03 42 00 00 00 a0 00 00:01:43.904 SET FEATURES [Set transfer mode]
SMART Self-test log structure revision number 1
SMART Selective self-test log data structure revision number 1
SPAN MIN_LBA MAX_LBA CURRENT_TEST_STATUS
1 0 0 Not_testing
2 0 0 Not_testing
3 0 0 Not_testing
4 0 0 Not_testing
5 0 0 Not_testing
Selective self-test flags (0x0):
After scanning selected spans, do NOT read-scan remainder of disk.
If Selective self-test is pending on power-up, resume after 0 minute delay.
読み取り速度のベンチマークに関係するものについては、時間の経過に伴う速度の低下は正常だと思います。キャッシングメカニズムにより、テストの初期段階ではディスクが高速に表示され、最後には低速になると思われます。ただし、「最悪」の読み取り速度は約80MB/sであり、これが「最高の平均」読み取り速度(約60MB/s)を大きく上回っているので、この点について心配する必要はありません。
(コメントとして意図されているが、大きすぎる...)
Gpartedエラーは、ファイルシステムを検出できないということです(読み取り:おそらくパーティションデータを読み取り、ファイルシステムタイプを検出しようとしています)。
fdisk
はパーティションテーブルをリストしているだけで、そこにはエントリがスワップパーティションであると表示されています(これはファイルシステムとは関係ありません。パーティションテーブルのパーティションタイプエントリです。fdisk
はありません」ファイルシステムの種類を自動検出しようとすることさえありません)。
表示されるfdsik
出力は、cryptswap
デバイスに言及しています。これは、スワップパーティション上の暗号化レイヤーです。つまり、スワップパーティションはおそらく暗号化されています。
その場合、gparted
はスワップパーティション自体を読み取りますが、使用可能なファイルシステムやスワップパーティションではないように見える暗号化されたデータを見つける可能性があります。そのcryptswap
デバイスを介して、明確な解読された形式で)。
スワップが使用中で、暗号化されたデータが現在cryptswap
デバイスで復号化されている場合、これはパーティションが使用中であることを意味し、「デバイスまたはリソースビジー」エラーを説明します。
これが問題であるかどうかを確認するために、ターミナルでの実行の出力を共有できますか/sbin/swapon -s
?そしておそらく/etc/fstab
の内容も?