GRUBメニューにWindowsがありません
コンピューターの電源を入れると、GRUBが表示され、Ubuntuを起動できます。しかし、GRUBに表示されないため、Windowsを起動できません。
ブート修復とSudo update-grubの両方を試してみましたが、役に立ちませんでした。 BIOSはUEFIを使用して起動を管理していることに言及する価値があるでしょう。
Ubuntu 12.10とWindows 7を同じドライブのどこかにインストールしています。
MBRが/ dev/sdbにあるのはなぜですか？
これはbootinfoscriptの出力です：
> Boot Info Script 0.61 [1 April 2012]
>
>
> ============================= Boot Info Summary: ===============================
>
> => Grub2 (v1.99) is installed in the MBR of /dev/sda and looks at
> sector 2048
> of the same hard drive for core.img. core.img is at this location and
> looks in partition 72 for . => Windows is installed in the MBR of /dev/sdb.
>
> sda1:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system: BIOS Boot partition
> Boot sector type: Grub2's core.img
> Boot sector info:
>
> sda2:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system:
> Boot sector type: -
> Boot sector info:
> Mounting failed: mount: unknown filesystem type ''
>
> sda3:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system: ntfs
> Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
> Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
> Operating System: Windows 7
> Boot files: /Windows/System32/winload.exe
>
> sda4:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system: ext4
> Boot sector type: -
> Boot sector info:
> Operating System: Ubuntu 12.10
> Boot files: /boot/grub/grub.cfg /etc/fstab
>
> sda5:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system: swap
> Boot sector type: -
> Boot sector info:
>
> sdb1:
> __________________________________________________________________________
>
> File system: ntfs
> Boot sector type: Windows Vista/7: NTFS
> Boot sector info: No errors found in the Boot Parameter Block.
> Operating System:
> Boot files:
>
> ============================ Drive/Partition Info: =============================
>
> Drive: sda
> _____________________________________________________________________
>
> Disk /dev/sda: 128.0 GB, 128035676160 bytes 255 heads, 63
> sectors/track, 15566 cylinders, total 250069680 sectors Units =
> sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512
> bytes / 512 bytes
>
> Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
>
> /dev/sda1 1 250,069,679 250,069,679 ee GPT
>
>
> GUID Partition Table detected.
>
> Partition Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors System /dev/sda1
> 2,048 206,847 204,800 BIOS Boot partition /dev/sda2
> 206,848 468,991 262,144 Microsoft Reserved Partition
> (Windows) /dev/sda3 468,992 153,599,999 153,131,008 Data
> partition (Windows/Linux) /dev/sda4 153,600,000 235,630,591
> 82,030,592 EFI System partition /dev/sda5 235,630,592
> 250,068,991 14,438,400 Swap partition (Linux)
>
> Drive: sdb
> _____________________________________________________________________
>
> Disk /dev/sdb: 1000.2 GB, 1000204886016 bytes 255 heads, 63
> sectors/track, 121601 cylinders, total 1953525168 sectors Units =
> sectors of 1 * 512 = 512 bytes Sector size (logical/physical): 512
> bytes / 4096 bytes
>
> Partition Boot Start Sector End Sector # of Sectors Id System
>
> /dev/sdb1 * 2,048 1,953,521,663 1,953,519,616 7 NTFS /
> exFAT / HPFS
>
>
> "blkid" output:
> ________________________________________________________________
>
> Device UUID TYPE
> LABEL
>
> /dev/sda3 D2D6C580D6C56577 ntfs
> /dev/sda4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ext4
> /dev/sda5 69411fce-44e7-42c5-8cfe-b6a8e03e0a89 swap
> /dev/sdb1 844E93694E935332 ntfs
> andante
>
> ================================ Mount points: =================================
>
> Device Mount_Point Type Options
>
> /dev/sda4 / ext4
> (rw,errors=remount-ro)
>
>
> =========================== sda4/boot/grub/grub.cfg: ===========================
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> #
> # DO NOT EDIT THIS FILE
> #
> # It is automatically generated by grub-mkconfig using templates
> # from /etc/grub.d and settings from /etc/default/grub
> #
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/00_header ### if [ -s $prefix/grubenv ]; then set have_grubenv=true load_env fi set default="0"
>
> if [ x"${feature_menuentry_id}" = xy ]; then
> menuentry_id_option="--id" else menuentry_id_option="" fi
>
> export menuentry_id_option
>
> if [ "${prev_saved_entry}" ]; then set
> saved_entry="${prev_saved_entry}" save_env saved_entry set
> prev_saved_entry= save_env prev_saved_entry set boot_once=true fi
>
> function savedefault { if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then
> saved_entry="${chosen}"
> save_env saved_entry fi }
>
> function recordfail { set recordfail=1 if [ -n "${have_grubenv}"
> ]; then if [ -z "${boot_once}" ]; then save_env recordfail; fi; fi }
>
> function load_video { if [ x$feature_all_video_module = xy ]; then
> insmod all_video else
> insmod efi_gop
> insmod efi_uga
> insmod ieee1275_fb
> insmod vbe
> insmod vga
> insmod video_bochs
> insmod video_cirrus fi }
>
> if [ x$feature_default_font_path = xy ] ; then font=unicode else
> insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt4' if [
> x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then search --no-floppy
> --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root
> a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi
> font="/usr/share/grub/unicode.pf2" fi
>
> if loadfont $font ; then set gfxmode=auto load_video insmod
> gfxterm set locale_dir=$prefix/locale set lang=en_US insmod
> gettext fi terminal_output gfxterm if [ "${recordfail}" = 1 ]; then
> set timeout=-1 else set timeout=10 fi
> ### END /etc/grub.d/00_header ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ### set menu_color_normal=white/black set
> menu_color_highlight=black/light-gray if background_color 44,0,30;
> then clear fi
> ### END /etc/grub.d/05_debian_theme ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/10_linux ### function gfxmode { set gfxpayload="${1}" if [ "${1}" = "keep" ]; then set
> vt_handoff=vt.handoff=7 else set vt_handoff= fi } if [
> "${recordfail}" != 1 ]; then if [ -e ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt ];
> then
> if hwmatch ${prefix}/gfxblacklist.txt 3; then
> if [ ${match} = 0 ]; then
> set linux_gfx_mode=keep
> else
> set linux_gfx_mode=text
> fi
> else
> set linux_gfx_mode=text
> fi else
> set linux_gfx_mode=keep fi else set linux_gfx_mode=text fi export linux_gfx_mode if [ "${linux_gfx_mode}" != "text" ]; then
> load_video; fi menuentry 'Ubuntu' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux
> --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-simple-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516' { recordfail
> gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2
> set root='hd0,gpt4' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4
> --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else search --no-floppy
> --fs-uuid --set=root a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-26-generic
> root=UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ro quiet splash
> $vt_handoff initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-26-generic } submenu
> 'Advanced options for Ubuntu' $menuentry_id_option
> 'gnulinux-advanced-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516' { menuentry
> 'Ubuntu, with Linux 3.5.0-26-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux
> --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-26-generic-advanced-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516'
> { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod
> part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt4' if [
> x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi echo 'Loading Linux
> 3.5.0-26-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-26-generic root=UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ro quiet splash
> $vt_handoff echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
> initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-26-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with
> Linux 3.5.0-26-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class
> gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option
> 'gnulinux-3.5.0-26-generic-recovery-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516'
> { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set
> root='hd0,gpt4' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi echo 'Loading Linux
> 3.5.0-26-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-26-generic root=UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ro recovery nomodeset
> echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
> initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-26-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with
> Linux 3.5.0-17-generic' --class ubuntu --class gnu-linux --class gnu
> --class os $menuentry_id_option 'gnulinux-3.5.0-17-generic-advanced-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516'
> { recordfail gfxmode $linux_gfx_mode insmod gzio insmod
> part_gpt insmod ext2 set root='hd0,gpt4' if [
> x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi echo 'Loading Linux
> 3.5.0-17-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ro quiet splash
> $vt_handoff echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
> initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic } menuentry 'Ubuntu, with
> Linux 3.5.0-17-generic (recovery mode)' --class ubuntu --class
> gnu-linux --class gnu --class os $menuentry_id_option
> 'gnulinux-3.5.0-17-generic-recovery-a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516'
> { recordfail insmod gzio insmod part_gpt insmod ext2 set
> root='hd0,gpt4' if [ x$feature_platform_search_hint = xy ]; then
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root --hint-bios=hd0,gpt4 --hint-efi=hd0,gpt4 --hint-baremetal=ahci0,gpt4 a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 else
> search --no-floppy --fs-uuid --set=root a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 fi echo 'Loading Linux
> 3.5.0-17-generic ...' linux /boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic root=UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 ro recovery nomodeset
> echo 'Loading initial ramdisk ...'
> initrd /boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic } }
>
> ### END /etc/grub.d/10_linux ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
>
> ### END /etc/grub.d/20_linux_xen ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
> ### END /etc/grub.d/30_os-prober ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
> ### END /etc/grub.d/30_uefi-firmware ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
> # This file provides an easy way to add custom menu entries. Simply type the
> # menu entries you want to add after this comment. Be careful not to change
> # the 'exec tail' line above.
> ### END /etc/grub.d/40_custom ###
>
> ### BEGIN /etc/grub.d/41_custom ### if [ -f ${config_directory}/custom.cfg ]; then source
> ${config_directory}/custom.cfg Elif [ -z "${config_directory}" -a -f
> $prefix/custom.cfg ]; then source $prefix/custom.cfg; fi
> ### END /etc/grub.d/41_custom ###
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> =============================== sda4/etc/fstab: ================================
>
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
> # /etc/fstab: static file system information.
> #
> # Use 'blkid' to print the universally unique identifier for a
> # device; this may be used with UUID= as a more robust way to name devices
> # that works even if disks are added and removed. See fstab(5).
> #
> # <file system> <mount point> <type> <options> <dump> <pass>
> # / was on /dev/sda4 during installation UUID=a0377dfb-e3c9-4000-972b-0e4300d38516 / ext4
> errors=remount-ro 0 1
> # /boot/efi was on /dev/sda1 during installation
> #UUID=04AF-A81D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1
> # swap was on /dev/sda5 during installation UUID=69411fce-44e7-42c5-8cfe-b6a8e03e0a89 none swap sw
> 0 0
> #UUID=04AF-A81D /boot/efi vfat defaults 0 1
> --------------------------------------------------------------------------------
>
> =================== sda4: Location of files loaded by Grub: ====================
>
> GiB - GB File Fragment(s)
>
> 81.396614075 = 87.398948864 boot/grub/grub.cfg 1
> 85.545436859 = 91.853713408 boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-17-generic 1
> 74.295482635 = 79.774167040 boot/initrd.img-3.5.0-26-generic 1
> 81.375942230 = 87.376752640 boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-17-generic 1
> 74.129776001 = 79.596240896 boot/vmlinuz-3.5.0-26-generic 1
> 74.295482635 = 79.774167040 initrd.img 1
> 74.295482635 = 79.774167040 initrd.img.old 1
> 74.129776001 = 79.596240896 vmlinuz 1
> 74.129776001 = 79.596240896 vmlinuz.old 1
Sudo update-grubとSudo update-initramfs -uを実行するだけです。そして、それは行われるべきです。
Windowsが/dev/sda1にある場合、Sudo update-grubコマンドにはWindows 7 (loader) auf /dev/sda1 gefunden（ドイツ語のローカライズ）を含める必要があります
Ubuntu 12.04 LTSでも同様の問題がありました。 Sudo update-grubを実行します。 ブート修復 も確認できます。
Windows 7をインストールし、どういうわけかgrubを失いました。ターミナルでこのvを使用して10.10ディスクで再インストールしました。
Sudo mount /dev/sda4 /mnt
Sudo grub-install --root-directory=/mnt /dev/sda
その後、ウィンドウはgrubに表示されないので、Ubuntuを起動し、
Sudo update-grub
しばらく考えてから、/ dev/sda（またはそのようなもの）で見つかったWindows 7（ローダー）を返し、「完了」を返し、再起動して修正しました。
インターネットがあるOS内からgrubを更新してみてください（関連がある場合はidk、インターネットなしでgrubを更新しようとしませんでした）
幸運を！！