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半分インストールされたカーネル、何もインストール/アンインストールできません

まあ、私はこの問題を抱えており、どうやって手に入れたかはわかりませんが、助けが必要です。

まず、私のコンピューターはUbuntuバージョン14.04.3 LTSを実行し、現在のカーネル（uname -rから取得したカーネル）は3.13.0-63-genericです。他に何か知りたいことがあれば教えてください。

私の問題は次のとおりです。apt-getまたはSynapticでパッケージをインストールまたはアンインストールしようとするたびに、これらのパッケージに関するエラーが発生します。

  • linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
  • linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
  • linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic

出力（たとえば、Sudo apt-get install 'package-name'を実行したとき）は次のようになります。

Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
initrd.img(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
) points to /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
 (/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 491.
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
 (/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

オンラインでいくつかの解決策を試しましたが、これまでのところ、私の問題を解決できるものはありません。それらの一部（およびそれぞれの出力）は次のとおりです。

入力：Sudo apt-get -f install

出力：

Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree       
Reading state information... Done
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
After this operation, 0 B of additional disk space will be used.
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
No apport report written because the error message indicates its a followup error from a previous failure.
                                                                                                          Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)

入力：Sudo dpkg --configure -a

出力：

Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
initrd.img(/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
) points to /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
 (/boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 491.
vmlinuz(/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
) points to /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
 (/boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency) -- doing nothing at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 491.
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-lowlatency /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
Setting up linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (3.13.0-65.106) ...
Running depmod.
update-initramfs: deferring update (hook will be called later)
Examining /etc/kernel/postinst.d.
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/apt-auto-removal 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/dkms 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/initramfs-tools 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
update-initramfs: Generating /boot/initrd.img-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/pm-utils 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/update-notifier 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
run-parts: executing /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub 3.13.0-65-generic /boot/vmlinuz-3.13.0-65-generic
/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution
run-parts: /etc/kernel/postinst.d/zz-update-grub exited with return code 2
Failed to process /etc/kernel/postinst.d at /var/lib/dpkg/info/linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic.postinst line 1025.
dpkg: error processing package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 subprocess installed post-installation script returned error exit status 2
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic:
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic depends on linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic; however:
  Package linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic is not configured yet.

dpkg: error processing package linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic (--configure):
 dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Errors were encountered while processing:
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-lowlatency
 linux-image-3.13.0-65-generic
 linux-image-extra-3.13.0-65-generic

他に必要な情報があれば、喜んでお知らせします。

誰かが私を助けることができれば、それは私にとってすべてを意味するでしょう。マシンにパッケージをインストール/アンインストールできる必要があるので、できるだけ早くこの問題を解決する必要があります。

PS：私はUbuntu/Linuxの専門家ではないことに注意してください。

編集：

/ etc/default/grubの内容は次のとおりです。

# If you change this file, run 'update-grub' afterwards to update
# /boot/grub/grub.cfg.
# For full documentation of the options in this file, see:
#   info -f grub -n 'Simple configuration'

GRUB_DEFAULT="Windows Boot UEFI loader"
#GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT="0"
GRUB_HIDDEN_TIMEOUT_QUIET="true"
GRUB_TIMEOUT="60"
GRUB_DISTRIBUTOR="`lsb_release -i -s 2> /dev/null || echo Debian`"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"
GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX=""

# Uncomment to enable BadRAM filtering, modify to suit your needs
# This works with Linux (no patch required) and with any kernel that obtains
# the memory map information from GRUB (GNU Mach, kernel of FreeBSD ...)
#GRUB_BADRAM="0x01234567,0xfefefefe,0x89abcdef,0xefefefef"

# Uncomment to disable graphical terminal (grub-pc only)
#GRUB_TERMINAL="console"

# The resolution used on graphical terminal
# note that you can use only modes which your graphic card supports via VBE
# you can see them in real GRUB with the command `vbeinfo'
#GRUB_GFXMODE="640x480"

# Uncomment if you don't want GRUB to pass "root=UUID=xxx" parameter to Linux
#GRUB_DISABLE_LINUX_UUID="true"

# Uncomment to disable generation of recovery mode menu entries
#GRUB_DISABLE_RECOVERY="true"

# Uncomment to get a beep at grub start
#GRUB_INIT_TUNE="480 440 1"

GRUB_SAVEDEFAULT="false"
14.04aptkerneldpkg
4
E Dias

エラーメッセージのこの行

/usr/sbin/grub-mkconfig: 37: /etc/default/grub: Syntax error: EOF in backquote substitution

37行目にエラーがありますが、37行目がありません。したがって、最も可能性の高い説明は、引用エラーがあることです。そして、あなたの質問から取ったこの行を見てみましょう：

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT =「」quiet splash intel_pstate = disable i915.lvds_downclock = 1 drm.vblankoffdelay = 1 i915.semaphores = 1 i915_enable_rc6 = 1 i915_enable_fbc = 1」

この行には3つの二重引用符があります。 1つの二重引用符を削除します。

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"

忘れないで

Sudo update-grub

ファイルを編集した後。

5
A.B.

/etc/default/grubにエラーがあります。

この線

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT=""quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"

である必要があります

GRUB_CMDLINE_LINUX_DEFAULT="quiet splash intel_pstate=disable i915.lvds_downclock=1 drm.vblankoffdelay=1 i915.semaphores=1 i915_enable_rc6=1 i915_enable_fbc=1"

最初のものはセマンティックエラーを生成するためです。

2
LittleByBlue