を使用してHttpURLConnectionにパラメータを追加する方法 POST NameValuePairを使用する

Question

私はPOSTをHttpURLConnectionでやろうとしています（これを使う必要があります、HttpPostを使うことはできません）。

post.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvp));

どこで

nvp = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();

にデータを保存しています。このArrayListを自分のHttpURLConnectionに追加する方法が見つかりません。

HttpsURLConnection https = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
https.setHostnameVerifier(DO_NOT_VERIFY);
http = https;
http.setRequestMethod("POST");
http.setDoInput(true);
http.setDoOutput(true);

その厄介なhttpsとhttpの組み合わせの理由は、 証明書を検証しない の必要性です。これは問題ではありませんが、サーバーを適切にポストします。しかし、私はそれを議論とともに投稿する必要があります。

何か案は？

---

重複免責事項：

2012年には、HTTP POSTリクエストにパラメータがどのように挿入されたのかわかりませんでした。チュートリアルにあるので、私はNameValuePairに頼っていました。この質問は重複しているように見えるかもしれませんが、私の2012年の自己読解でotherという質問で、NameValuePairを使ってNOTでした。実際、私の問題は解決しませんでした。

Answer 1

接続の出力ストリームを取得して、それにパラメータクエリ文字列を書き込むことができます。

URL url = new URL("http://yoururl.com");
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);

List<NameValuePair> params = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>();
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("firstParam", paramValue1));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("secondParam", paramValue2));
params.add(new BasicNameValuePair("thirdParam", paramValue3));

OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
        new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(getQuery(params));
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();

conn.connect();

...

private String getQuery(List<NameValuePair> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException
{
    StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
    boolean first = true;

    for (NameValuePair pair : params)
    {
        if (first)
            first = false;
        else
            result.append("&");

        result.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getName(), "UTF-8"));
        result.append("=");
        result.append(URLEncoder.encode(pair.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
    }

    return result.toString();
}

Answer 2

NameValuePairは推奨されなくなりました。自分のコードを共有しようという考え

public String  performPostCall(String requestURL,
            HashMap<String, String> postDataParams) {

        URL url;
        String response = "";
        try {
            url = new URL(requestURL);

            HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
            conn.setReadTimeout(15000);
            conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
            conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
            conn.setDoInput(true);
            conn.setDoOutput(true);


            OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
            BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
                    new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
            writer.write(getPostDataString(postDataParams));

            writer.flush();
            writer.close();
            os.close();
            int responseCode=conn.getResponseCode();

            if (responseCode == HttpsURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
                String line;
                BufferedReader br=new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream()));
                while ((line=br.readLine()) != null) {
                    response+=line;
                }
            }
            else {
                response="";

            }
        } catch (Exception e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        }

        return response;
    }

…….

  private String getPostDataString(HashMap<String, String> params) throws UnsupportedEncodingException{
        StringBuilder result = new StringBuilder();
        boolean first = true;
        for(Map.Entry<String, String> entry : params.entrySet()){
            if (first)
                first = false;
            else
                result.append("&");

            result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
            result.append("=");
            result.append(URLEncoder.encode(entry.getValue(), "UTF-8"));
        }

        return result.toString();
    }

Answer 3

パラメータにArrayList<NameValuePair>が必要ない場合、これはUri.Builderクラスを使用してクエリ文字列を構築するより短い解決策です。

URL url = new URL("http://yoururl.com");
HttpsURLConnection conn = (HttpsURLConnection) url.openConnection();
conn.setReadTimeout(10000);
conn.setConnectTimeout(15000);
conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
conn.setDoInput(true);
conn.setDoOutput(true);

Uri.Builder builder = new Uri.Builder()
        .appendQueryParameter("firstParam", paramValue1)
        .appendQueryParameter("secondParam", paramValue2)
        .appendQueryParameter("thirdParam", paramValue3);
String query = builder.build().getEncodedQuery();

OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();
BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(
            new OutputStreamWriter(os, "UTF-8"));
writer.write(query);
writer.flush();
writer.close();
os.close();

conn.connect();

Answer 4

1つの解決策はあなた自身のparams文字列を作ることです。

これは私が私の最近のプロジェクトに使っていた実際の方法です。引数をhashtableからnamevaluepairのものに変更する必要があります。

private static String getPostParamString(Hashtable<String, String> params) {
    if(params.size() == 0)
        return "";

    StringBuffer buf = new StringBuffer();
    Enumeration<String> keys = params.keys();
    while(keys.hasMoreElements()) {
        buf.append(buf.length() == 0 ? "" : "&");
        String key = keys.nextElement();
        buf.append(key).append("=").append(params.get(key));
    }
    return buf.toString();
}

Paramsを投稿する：

OutputStreamWriter writer = new OutputStreamWriter(conn.getOutputStream());
writer.write(getPostParamString(req.getPostParams()));

Answer 5

私はあなたが必要としているものを正確に見つけたと思います。それは他人を助けるかもしれません。

メソッド UrlEncodedFormEntity.writeTo（OutputStream） を使用できます。

UrlEncodedFormEntity formEntity = new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nvp); 
http.connect();

OutputStream output = null;
try {
  output = http.getOutputStream();    
  formEntity.writeTo(output);
} finally {
 if (output != null) try { output.close(); } catch (IOException ioe) {}
}

Answer 6

受け付けられた回答は、次の場所でProtocolExceptionをスローします。

OutputStream os = conn.getOutputStream();

uRLConnectionオブジェクトの出力が有効にならないためです。解決策はこれを含める必要があります。

conn.setDoOutput(true);

それを機能させるために。

Answer 7

手遅れでなければ、自分のコードを共有したいです。

Utils.Java：

public static String buildPostParameters(Object content) {
        String output = null;
        if ((content instanceof String) ||
                (content instanceof JSONObject) ||
                (content instanceof JSONArray)) {
            output = content.toString();
        } else if (content instanceof Map) {
            Uri.Builder builder = new Uri.Builder();
            HashMap hashMap = (HashMap) content;
            if (hashMap != null) {
                Iterator entries = hashMap.entrySet().iterator();
                while (entries.hasNext()) {
                    Map.Entry entry = (Map.Entry) entries.next();
                    builder.appendQueryParameter(entry.getKey().toString(), entry.getValue().toString());
                    entries.remove(); // avoids a ConcurrentModificationException
                }
                output = builder.build().getEncodedQuery();
            }
        }

        return output;
    }

public static URLConnection makeRequest(String method, String apiAddress, String accessToken, String mimeType, String requestBody) throws IOException {
        URL url = new URL(apiAddress);
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
        urlConnection.setDoOutput(!method.equals("GET"));
        urlConnection.setRequestMethod(method);

        urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Authorization", "Bearer " + accessToken);        

        urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", mimeType);
        OutputStream outputStream = new BufferedOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "utf-8"));
        writer.write(requestBody);
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
        outputStream.close();            

        urlConnection.connect();

        return urlConnection;
    }

MainActivity.Java：

@Override
protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) {
    super.onCreate(savedInstanceState);
    setContentView(R.layout.activity_main);

    new APIRequest().execute();
}

private class APIRequest extends AsyncTask<Void, Void, String> {

        @Override
        protected Object doInBackground(Void... params) {

            // Of course, you should comment the other CASES when testing one CASE

            // CASE 1: For FromBody parameter
            String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/frombody";
            String requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters("'FromBody Value'"); // must have '' for FromBody parameter
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;
            try {
                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/json", requestBody);                    
                InputStream inputStream;
                // get stream
                if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() < HttpURLConnection.HTTP_BAD_REQUEST) {
                    inputStream = urlConnection.getInputStream();
                } else {
                    inputStream = urlConnection.getErrorStream();
                }
                // parse stream
                BufferedReader bufferedReader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(inputStream));
                String temp, response = "";
                while ((temp = bufferedReader.readLine()) != null) {
                    response += temp;
                }
                return response;
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return e.toString();
            } finally {
                if (urlConnection != null) {
                    urlConnection.disconnect();
                }
            }

            // CASE 2: For JSONObject parameter
            String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/testjsonobject";
            JSONObject jsonBody;
            String requestBody;
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection;
            try {
                jsonBody = new JSONObject();
                jsonBody.put("Title", "BNK Title");
                jsonBody.put("Author", "BNK");
                jsonBody.put("Date", "2015/08/08");
                requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters(jsonBody);
                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/json", requestBody);                    
                ...
                // the same logic to case #1
                ...
                return response;
            } catch (JSONException | IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return e.toString();
            } finally {
                if (urlConnection != null) {
                    urlConnection.disconnect();
                }
            }           

            // CASE 3: For form-urlencoded parameter
            String url = "http://10.0.2.2/api/token";
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection;
            Map<String, String> stringMap = new HashMap<>();
            stringMap.put("grant_type", "password");
            stringMap.put("username", "username");
            stringMap.put("password", "password");
            String requestBody = Utils.buildPostParameters(stringMap);
            try {
                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) Utils.makeRequest("POST", url, null, "application/x-www-form-urlencoded", requestBody);
                ...
                // the same logic to case #1
                ...
                return response;
            } catch (Exception e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
                return e.toString();
            } finally {
                if (urlConnection != null) {
                    urlConnection.disconnect();
                }
            }                  
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String response) {
            super.onPostExecute(response);
            // do something...
        }
    }

Answer 8

PrintWriterを使ったもっと簡単なアプローチがあります（ ここ を見てください）

基本的にあなたが必要とするのは以下だけです：

// set up URL connection
URL urlToRequest = new URL(urlStr);
HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection)urlToRequest.openConnection();
urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");

// write out form parameters
String postParamaters = "param1=value1&param2=value2"
urlConnection.setFixedLengthStreamingMode(postParameters.getBytes().length);
PrintWriter out = new PrintWriter(urlConnection.getOutputStream());
out.print(postParameters);
out.close();

// connect
urlConnection.connect();

Answer 9

AsyncTaskメソッドを介してデータをJSONObectとして送信するためのPOST

public class PostMethodDemo extends AsyncTask<String , Void ,String> {
        String server_response;

        @Override
        protected String doInBackground(String... strings) {
            URL url;
            HttpURLConnection urlConnection = null;

            try {
                url = new URL(strings[0]);
                urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
                urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
                urlConnection.setDoInput(true);
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");

                DataOutputStream wr = new DataOutputStream(urlConnection.getOutputStream ());

                try {
                    JSONObject obj = new JSONObject();
                    obj.put("key1" , "value1");
                    obj.put("key2" , "value2");

                    wr.writeBytes(obj.toString());
                    Log.e("JSON Input", obj.toString());
                    wr.flush();
                    wr.close();
                } catch (JSONException ex) {
                    ex.printStackTrace();
                }
                urlConnection.connect();

                int responseCode = urlConnection.getResponseCode();

                if(responseCode == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK){
                    server_response = readStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
                }

            } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
            return null;
        }

        @Override
        protected void onPostExecute(String s) {
            super.onPostExecute(s);
            Log.e("Response", "" + server_response);
        }
    }

    public static String readStream(InputStream in) {
        BufferedReader reader = null;
        StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
        try {
            reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
            String line = "";
            while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
                response.append(line);
            }
        } catch (IOException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } finally {
            if (reader != null) {
                try {
                    reader.close();
                } catch (IOException e) {
                    e.printStackTrace();
                }
            }
        }
        return response.toString();
    }

Answer 10

これを試して：

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("your url");
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(3);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user_name", "Name"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("pass","Password" ));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("user_email","email" ));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));

// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);

String ret = EntityUtils.toString(response.getEntity());
Log.v("Util response", ret);

必要なだけnameValuePairsを追加できます。そして、リストにその数を挙げるのを忘れないでください。

Answer 11

POST/PUT/DELETE/GETカスタムヘッダーまたはJSONデータを使用してRestfulなメソッドを呼び出すには、次のAsyncクラスを使用できます。

public class HttpUrlConnectionUtlity extends AsyncTask<Integer, Void, String> {
private static final String TAG = "HttpUrlConnectionUtlity";
Context mContext;
public static final int GET_METHOD = 0,
        POST_METHOD = 1,
        PUT_METHOD = 2,
        HEAD_METHOD = 3,
        DELETE_METHOD = 4,
        TRACE_METHOD = 5,
        OPTIONS_METHOD = 6;
HashMap<String, String> headerMap;

String entityString;
String url;
int requestType = -1;
final String timeOut = "TIMED_OUT";

int TIME_OUT = 60 * 1000;

public HttpUrlConnectionUtlity (Context mContext) {
    this.mContext = mContext;
    this.callback = callback;
}

@Override
protected void onPreExecute() {
    super.onPreExecute();
}

@Override
protected String doInBackground(Integer... params) {
    int requestType = getRequestType();
    String response = "";
    try {


        URL url = getUrl();
        HttpURLConnection urlConnection = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();

        urlConnection = setRequestMethod(urlConnection, requestType);
        urlConnection.setConnectTimeout(TIME_OUT);
        urlConnection.setReadTimeout(TIME_OUT);
        urlConnection.setDoOutput(true);
        urlConnection = setHeaderData(urlConnection);
        urlConnection = setEntity(urlConnection);

        if (urlConnection.getResponseCode() == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
            response = readResponseStream(urlConnection.getInputStream());
            Logger.v(TAG, response);
        }
        urlConnection.disconnect();
        return response;


    } catch (ProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (SocketTimeoutException e) {
        return timeOut;
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } catch (IllegalStateException e) {
        Logger.e(TAG, "ALREADY CONNECTED");
    }
    return response;
}

@Override
protected void onPostExecute(String response) {
    super.onPostExecute(response);

    if (TextUtils.isEmpty(response)) {
        //empty response
    } else if (response != null && response.equals(timeOut)) {
        //request timed out 
    } else    {
    //process your response
   }
}


private String getEntityString() {
    return entityString;
}

public void setEntityString(String s) {
    this.entityString = s;
}

private String readResponseStream(InputStream in) {
    BufferedReader reader = null;
    StringBuffer response = new StringBuffer();
    try {
        reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(in));
        String line = "";
        while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
            response.append(line);
        }
    } catch (IOException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    } finally {
        if (reader != null) {
            try {
                reader.close();
            } catch (IOException e) {
                e.printStackTrace();
            }
        }
    }
    return response.toString();
}

private HttpURLConnection setEntity(HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws IOException {
    if (getEntityString() != null) {
        OutputStream outputStream = urlConnection.getOutputStream();
        BufferedWriter writer = new BufferedWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, "UTF-8"));
        writer.write(getEntityString());
        writer.flush();
        writer.close();
        outputStream.close();
    } else {
        Logger.w(TAG, "NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND ||NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND ||NO ENTITY DATA TO APPEND");
    }
    return urlConnection;
}

private HttpURLConnection setHeaderData(HttpURLConnection urlConnection) throws UnsupportedEncodingException {
    urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/json");
    urlConnection.setRequestProperty("Accept", "application/json");
    if (getHeaderMap() != null) {
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : getHeaderMap().entrySet()) {
            urlConnection.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
        }
    } else {
        Logger.w(TAG, "NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND ||NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND ||NO HEADER DATA TO APPEND");
    }
    return urlConnection;
}

private HttpURLConnection setRequestMethod(HttpURLConnection urlConnection, int requestMethod) {
    try {
        switch (requestMethod) {
            case GET_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("GET");
                break;
            case POST_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("POST");
                break;
            case PUT_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("PUT");
                break;
            case DELETE_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("DELETE");
                break;
            case OPTIONS_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("OPTIONS");
                break;
            case HEAD_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("HEAD");
                break;
            case TRACE_METHOD:
                urlConnection.setRequestMethod("TRACE");
                break;
        }
    } catch (ProtocolException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    return urlConnection;
}

public int getRequestType() {
    return requestType;
}

public void setRequestType(int requestType) {
    this.requestType = requestType;
}

public URL getUrl() throws MalformedURLException {
    return new URL(url);
}

public void setUrl(String url) {
    this.url = url;
}

public HashMap<String, String> getHeaderMap() {
    return headerMap;
}

public void setHeaderMap(HashMap<String, String> headerMap) {
    this.headerMap = headerMap;
}   }

そして使い方は

    HttpUrlConnectionUtlity httpMethod = new HttpUrlConnectionUtlity (mContext);
    JSONObject jsonEntity = new JSONObject();

    try {
        jsonEntity.put("key1", value1);
        jsonEntity.put("key2", value2);

    } catch (JSONException e) {
        e.printStackTrace();
    }
    httpMethod.setUrl(YOUR_URL_STRING);
    HashMap<String, String> headerMap = new HashMap<>();
    headerMap.put("key",value);
    headerMap.put("key1",value1);
    httpMethod.setHeaderMap(headerMap);
    httpMethod.setRequestType(WiseConnectHttpMethod.POST_METHOD); //specify POST/GET/DELETE/PUT
    httpMethod.setEntityString(jsonEntity.toString());
    httpMethod.execute();

Answer 12

Org.Apache.http.client.HttpClientを使うことで、以下のようにもっと読みやすい方法でこれを簡単に行うことができます。

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("http://www.yoursite.com/script.php");

Try catch内に挿入できます

// Add your data
List<NameValuePair> nameValuePairs = new ArrayList<NameValuePair>(2);
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("id", "12345"));
nameValuePairs.add(new BasicNameValuePair("stringdata", "AndDev is Cool!"));
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));

// Execute HTTP Post Request
HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);

Answer 13

私はこのようなものを使います：

SchemeRegistry sR = new SchemeRegistry();
sR.register(new Scheme("https", SSLSocketFactory.getSocketFactory(), 443));

HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
SingleClientConnManager mgr = new SingleClientConnManager(params, sR);

HttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient(mgr, params);

HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost(url);
httppost.setEntity(new UrlEncodedFormEntity(nameValuePairs));

HttpResponse response = httpclient.execute(httppost);

Answer 14

私の場合、文字列URLとパラメータのハッシュマップを取るPostリクエストを作成するために、このような関数を作成しました。

 public  String postRequest( String mainUrl,HashMap<String,String> parameterList)
{
    String response="";
    try {
        URL url = new URL(mainUrl);

        StringBuilder postData = new StringBuilder();
        for (Map.Entry<String, String> param : parameterList.entrySet())
        {
            if (postData.length() != 0) postData.append('&');
            postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(param.getKey(), "UTF-8"));
            postData.append('=');
            postData.append(URLEncoder.encode(String.valueOf(param.getValue()), "UTF-8"));
        }

        byte[] postDataBytes = postData.toString().getBytes("UTF-8");




        HttpURLConnection conn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
        conn.setRequestMethod("POST");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "application/x-www-form-urlencoded");
        conn.setRequestProperty("Content-Length", String.valueOf(postDataBytes.length));
        conn.setDoOutput(true);
        conn.getOutputStream().write(postDataBytes);

        Reader in = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(conn.getInputStream(), "UTF-8"));

        StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
        for (int c; (c = in.read()) >= 0; )
            sb.append((char) c);
        response = sb.toString();


    return  response;
    }catch (Exception excep){
        excep.printStackTrace();}
    return response;
}