Android SDKを使用したマルチパートリクエストの投稿
Android SDKを使用して、サーバーに画像をアップロードするという、比較的簡単だと思っていたことをしようとしています。多くのサンプルコードが見つかりました。
http://linklens.blogspot.com/2009/06/Android-multipart-upload.html
しかし、どちらも私にとってはうまくいきません。私が遭遇し続ける混乱は、マルチパートリクエストを行うために本当に必要なものです。 simplestAndroid向けの（画像付き）マルチパートアップロードの方法は何ですか？
どんな助けやアドバイスも大歓迎です！
2014年4月29日更新：
私の答えはもう少し古いもので、むしろ Retrofit のような高レベルのライブラリを使用したいと思うと思います。
このブログに基づいて、次の解決策を思いつきました。 http://blog.tacticalnuclearstrike.com/2010/01/using-multipartentity-in-Android-applications/
MultipartEntityを実行するには、追加のライブラリをダウンロードする必要があります！
1） http://james.Apache.org/download.cgi#Apache_Mime4J からhttpcomponents-client-4.1.Zipをダウンロードし、Apache-mime4j-0.6.1.jarをプロジェクトに追加します。
2） http://hc.Apache.org/downloads.cgi からhttpcomponents-client-4.1-bin.Zipをダウンロードし、httpclient-4.1.jar、httpcore-4.1.jarおよびhttpmime-4.1を追加します.jarをプロジェクトに追加します。
3）以下のサンプルコードを使用します。
private DefaultHttpClient mHttpClient;
public ServerCommunication() {
HttpParams params = new BasicHttpParams();
params.setParameter(CoreProtocolPNames.PROTOCOL_VERSION, HttpVersion.HTTP_1_1);
mHttpClient = new DefaultHttpClient(params);
}
public void uploadUserPhoto(File image) {
try {
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost("some url");
MultipartEntity multipartEntity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
multipartEntity.addPart("Title", new StringBody("Title"));
multipartEntity.addPart("Nick", new StringBody("Nick"));
multipartEntity.addPart("Email", new StringBody("Email"));
multipartEntity.addPart("Description", new StringBody(Settings.SHARE.TEXT));
multipartEntity.addPart("Image", new FileBody(image));
httppost.setEntity(multipartEntity);
mHttpClient.execute(httppost, new PhotoUploadResponseHandler());
} catch (Exception e) {
Log.e(ServerCommunication.class.getName(), e.getLocalizedMessage(), e);
}
}
private class PhotoUploadResponseHandler implements ResponseHandler<Object> {
@Override
public Object handleResponse(HttpResponse response)
throws ClientProtocolException, IOException {
HttpEntity r_entity = response.getEntity();
String responseString = EntityUtils.toString(r_entity);
Log.d("UPLOAD", responseString);
return null;
}
}
MultiPartEntityはdeprecatedです。そこで、これが新しい方法です！そして、必要なのは、httpcore.jar(latest)とhttpmime.jar(latest)だけをApacheサイトからダウンロードすることです。
try
{
HttpClient client = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost post = new HttpPost(URL);
MultipartEntityBuilder entityBuilder = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
entityBuilder.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
entityBuilder.addTextBody(USER_ID, userId);
entityBuilder.addTextBody(NAME, name);
entityBuilder.addTextBody(TYPE, type);
entityBuilder.addTextBody(COMMENT, comment);
entityBuilder.addTextBody(LATITUDE, String.valueOf(User.Latitude));
entityBuilder.addTextBody(LONGITUDE, String.valueOf(User.Longitude));
if(file != null)
{
entityBuilder.addBinaryBody(IMAGE, file);
}
HttpEntity entity = entityBuilder.build();
post.setEntity(entity);
HttpResponse response = client.execute(post);
HttpEntity httpEntity = response.getEntity();
result = EntityUtils.toString(httpEntity);
Log.v("result", result);
}
catch(Exception e)
{
e.printStackTrace();
}
これは、外部のHTTPCoreとそのようなライブラリを使用せずに機能したLIGHT WEIGHTEDソリューションです。私は64Kメソッドの問題に直面していたので、HTTPCoreライブラリを回避するオプションはありません
import Java.util.List;
import Java.io.BufferedReader;
import Java.io.File;
import Java.io.FileInputStream;
import Java.io.IOException;
import Java.io.InputStreamReader;
import Java.io.OutputStream;
import Java.io.OutputStreamWriter;
import Java.io.PrintWriter;
import Java.net.HttpURLConnection;
import Java.net.URL;
import Java.net.URLConnection;
import Java.util.ArrayList;
import Java.util.List;
/**
* This utility class provides an abstraction layer for sending multipart HTTP
* POST requests to a web server.
*
* @author www.codejava.net
*/
public class MultipartUtility {
private final String boundary;
private static final String LINE_FEED = "\r\n";
private HttpURLConnection httpConn;
private String charset;
private OutputStream outputStream;
private PrintWriter writer;
/**
* This constructor initializes a new HTTP POST request with content type
* is set to multipart/form-data
*
* @param requestURL
* @param charset
* @throws IOException
*/
public MultipartUtility(String requestURL, String charset)
throws IOException {
this.charset = charset;
// creates a unique boundary based on time stamp
boundary = "===" + System.currentTimeMillis() + "===";
URL url = new URL(requestURL);
httpConn = (HttpURLConnection) url.openConnection();
httpConn.setUseCaches(false);
httpConn.setDoOutput(true); // indicates POST method
httpConn.setDoInput(true);
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Content-Type",
"multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
httpConn.setRequestProperty("User-Agent", "CodeJava Agent");
httpConn.setRequestProperty("Test", "Bonjour");
outputStream = httpConn.getOutputStream();
writer = new PrintWriter(new OutputStreamWriter(outputStream, charset),
true);
}
/**
* Adds a form field to the request
*
* @param name field name
* @param value field value
*/
public void addFormField(String name, String value) {
writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + name + "\"")
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Type: text/plain; charset=" + charset).append(
LINE_FEED);
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(value).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Adds a upload file section to the request
*
* @param fieldName name attribute in <input type="file" name="..." />
* @param uploadFile a File to be uploaded
* @throws IOException
*/
public void addFilePart(String fieldName, File uploadFile)
throws IOException {
String fileName = uploadFile.getName();
writer.append("--" + boundary).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(
"Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + fieldName
+ "\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"")
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(
"Content-Type: "
+ URLConnection.guessContentTypeFromName(fileName))
.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary").append(LINE_FEED);
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
FileInputStream inputStream = new FileInputStream(uploadFile);
byte[] buffer = new byte[4096];
int bytesRead = -1;
while ((bytesRead = inputStream.read(buffer)) != -1) {
outputStream.write(buffer, 0, bytesRead);
}
outputStream.flush();
inputStream.close();
writer.append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Adds a header field to the request.
*
* @param name - name of the header field
* @param value - value of the header field
*/
public void addHeaderField(String name, String value) {
writer.append(name + ": " + value).append(LINE_FEED);
writer.flush();
}
/**
* Completes the request and receives response from the server.
*
* @return a list of Strings as response in case the server returned
* status OK, otherwise an exception is thrown.
* @throws IOException
*/
public List<String> finish() throws IOException {
List<String> response = new ArrayList<String>();
writer.append(LINE_FEED).flush();
writer.append("--" + boundary + "--").append(LINE_FEED);
writer.close();
// checks server's status code first
int status = httpConn.getResponseCode();
if (status == HttpURLConnection.HTTP_OK) {
BufferedReader reader = new BufferedReader(new InputStreamReader(
httpConn.getInputStream()));
String line = null;
while ((line = reader.readLine()) != null) {
response.add(line);
}
reader.close();
httpConn.disconnect();
} else {
throw new IOException("Server returned non-OK status: " + status);
}
return response;
}
}
使用法
private void uploadMedia() {
try {
String charset = "UTF-8";
File uploadFile1 = new File("/sdcard/myvideo.mp4");
String requestURL = Data.BASE_URL+Data.URL_UPLOAD_REACTION_TEST;
MultipartUtility multipart = new MultipartUtility(requestURL, charset);
// multipart.addHeaderField("User-Agent", "CodeJava");
// multipart.addHeaderField("Test-Header", "Header-Value");
multipart.addFormField("friend_id", "Cool Pictures");
multipart.addFormField("userid", "Java,upload,Spring");
multipart.addFilePart("uploadedfile", uploadFile1);
List<String> response = multipart.finish();
Log.v("rht", "SERVER REPLIED:");
for (String line : response) {
Log.v("rht", "Line : "+line);
}
} catch (Exception e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
アップロードを受け入れるPHPコード
<?php
$friend_id = $_REQUEST['friend_id'];
$userid = $_REQUEST['userid'];
echo 'friend_id : '.$friend_id. ' userid '.$userid;
move_uploaded_file($_FILES['uploadedfile']['tmp_name'], "./uploads/".$_FILES["uploadedfile"]["name"]);
?>
これを試して：
public void SendMultipartFile() {
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: SendMultipartFile");
DefaultHttpClient httpclient = new DefaultHttpClient();
HttpPost httppost = new HttpPost( <url> );
File file = new File("/sdcard/spider.jpg");
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: setting up multipart entity");
MultipartEntity mpEntity = new MultipartEntity(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: file length = " + file.length());
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: file exist = " + file.exists());
try {
mpEntity.addPart("datafile", new FileBody(file, "application/octet"));
mpEntity.addPart("id", new StringBody("1"));
} catch (UnsupportedEncodingException e1) {
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: UnsupportedEncodingException");
e1.printStackTrace();
}
httppost.setEntity(mpEntity);
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: executing request: " + httppost.getRequestLine());
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: request: " + httppost.getEntity().getContentType().toString());
HttpResponse response;
try {
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: about to execute");
response = httpclient.execute(httppost);
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: executed");
HttpEntity resEntity = response.getEntity();
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: respose code: " + response.getStatusLine().toString());
if (resEntity != null) {
Log.d(TAG, "UPLOAD: " + EntityUtils.toString(resEntity));
}
if (resEntity != null) {
resEntity.consumeContent();
}
} catch (ClientProtocolException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
Loopjを強くお勧めします。
これを使用して、さまざまなMIMEタイプを含む複数のファイルを一度にアップロードできました。これを行うだけです：
File myVideo = new File("/path/to/myvideo.mp4");
File myPic = new File("/path/to/mypic.jpg");
RequestParams params = new RequestParams();
try {
params.put("profile_picture", myPic);
params.put("my_video", myVideo);
} catch(FileNotFoundException e) {}
大きなファイルまたは多くのファイルの場合、タイムアウト量を増やす必要がある場合があります。それ以外の場合は、デフォルトのタイムアウトが使用されます。
client.setTimeout(500000) //make this the appropriate timeout in milliseconds
Loopjの詳細な説明と使用方法については、このリンクを参照してください。
http://loopj.com/Android-async-http/http://loopj.com/Android-async-http/doc/com/loopj/Android/http/AsyncHttpClient .html
すべてのhttpclient、httpmime依存関係を削除し、この依存関係compile 'commons-httpclient:commons-httpclient:3.1'を追加します。この依存関係にはMultipartRequestEntityが組み込まれているため、1つ以上のファイルをサーバーに簡単にアップロードできます。
public class FileUploadUrlConnection extends AsyncTask<String, String, String> {
private Context context;
private String url;
private List<File> files;
public FileUploadUrlConnection(Context context, String url, List<File> files) {
this.context = context;
this.url = url;
this.files = files;
}
@Override
protected String doInBackground(String... params) {
HttpClient client = new HttpClient();
PostMethod post = new PostMethod(url);
HttpClientParams connectionParams = new HttpClientParams();
post.setRequestHeader(// Your header goes here );
try {
Part[] parts = new Part[files.size()];
for (int i=0; i<files.size(); i++) {
Part part = new FilePart(files.get(i).getName(), files.get(i));
parts[i] = part;
}
MultipartRequestEntity entity = new MultipartRequestEntity(parts, connectionParams);
post.setRequestEntity(entity);
int statusCode = client.executeMethod(post);
String response = post.getResponseBodyAsString();
Log.v("Multipart "," "+response);
if(statusCode == 200) {
return response;
}
} catch (IOException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
return null;
}
リクエストとレスポンスのタイムアウトを追加することもできます
client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.CONNECTION_TIMEOUT, 10000);
client.getParams().setParameter(CoreConnectionPNames.SO_TIMEOUT, 10000);
public class Multipart{
private final Map<String, String> headrs;
private String url;
private HttpURLConnection con;
private OutputStream os;
private String delimiter = "--";
private String boundary = "TRR" + Long.toString(System.currentTimeMillis()) + "TRR";
public Multipart (String url, Map<String, String> headers) {
this.url = url;
this.headrs = headers;
}
public void connectForMultipart() throws Exception {
con = (HttpURLConnection) (new URL(url)).openConnection();
con.setRequestMethod("POST");
con.setDoInput(true);
con.setDoOutput(true);
con.setRequestProperty("Connection", "Keep-Alive");
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : headrs.entrySet()) {
con.setRequestProperty(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
con.setRequestProperty("Content-Type", "multipart/form-data; boundary=" + boundary);
con.connect();
os = con.getOutputStream();
}
public void addFormPart(String paramName, String value) throws Exception {
writeParamData(paramName, value);
}
public void addFilePart(String paramName, String fileName, byte[] data) throws Exception {
os.write((delimiter + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
os.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + paramName + "\"; filename=\"" + fileName + "\"\r\n").getBytes());
os.write(("Content-Type: application/octet-stream\r\n").getBytes());
os.write(("Content-Transfer-Encoding: binary\r\n").getBytes());
os.write("\r\n".getBytes());
os.write(data);
os.write("\r\n".getBytes());
}
public void finishMultipart() throws Exception {
os.write((delimiter + boundary + delimiter + "\r\n").getBytes());
}
public String getResponse() throws Exception {
InputStream is = con.getInputStream();
byte[] b1 = new byte[1024];
StringBuffer buffer = new StringBuffer();
while (is.read(b1) != -1)
buffer.append(new String(b1));
con.disconnect();
return buffer.toString();
}
private void writeParamData(String paramName, String value) throws Exception {
os.write((delimiter + boundary + "\r\n").getBytes());
os.write("Content-Type: text/plain\r\n".getBytes());//;charset=utf-8
os.write(("Content-Disposition: form-data; name=\"" + paramName + "\"\r\n").getBytes());
;
os.write(("\r\n" + value + "\r\n").getBytes());
}
}
その後、以下を呼び出します
Multipart multipart = new Multipart(url__, map);
multipart .connectForMultipart();
multipart .addFormPart(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
multipart .addFilePart(KeyName, "FileName", imagedata);
multipart .finishMultipart();
GentleRequestを使用できます。GentleRequestは、httpリクエストを作成するための軽量ライブラリです（免責事項：私は著者です）。
Connections connections = new HttpConnections();
Binary binary = new PacketsBinary(new
BufferedInputStream(new FileInputStream(file)),
file.length());
//Content-Type is set to multipart/form-data; boundary=
//{generated by multipart object}
MultipartForm multipart = new HttpMultipartForm(
new HttpFormPart("user", "aplication/json",
new JSONObject().toString().getBytes()),
new HttpFormPart("Java", "Java.png", "image/png",
binary.content()));
Response response = connections.response(new
PostRequest(url, multipart));
if (response.hasSuccessCode()) {
byte[] raw = response.body().value();
String string = response.body().stringValue();
JSONOBject json = response.body().jsonValue();
} else {
}
気軽にチェックしてください： https://github.com/Iprogrammerr/Gentle-Request
子孫のために、私はokhttpが言及されるのを見ませんでした。 関連記事
基本的に、MultipartBody.Builderを使用してボディを構築し、これをリクエストに投稿します。
Kotlinの例：
val body = MultipartBody.Builder()
.setType(MultipartBody.FORM)
.addFormDataPart(
"file",
file.getName(),
RequestBody.create(MediaType.parse("image/png"), file)
)
.addFormDataPart("timestamp", Date().time.toString())
.build()
val request = Request.Builder()
.url(url)
.post(body)
.build()
httpClient.newCall(request).enqueue(object : okhttp3.Callback {
override fun onFailure(call: Call?, e: IOException?) {
...
}
override fun onResponse(call: Call?, response: Response?) {
...
}
})
AOSPライブラリVolleyを使用している場合の簡単なアプローチを次に示します。
クラスRequest<T>を次のように拡張します-
public class MultipartRequest extends Request<String> {
private static final String FILE_PART_NAME = "file";
private final Response.Listener<String> mListener;
private final Map<String, File> mFilePart;
private final Map<String, String> mStringPart;
MultipartEntityBuilder entity = MultipartEntityBuilder.create();
HttpEntity httpentity;
public MultipartRequest(String url, Response.ErrorListener errorListener,
Response.Listener<String> listener, Map<String, File> file,
Map<String, String> mStringPart) {
super(Method.POST, url, errorListener);
mListener = listener;
mFilePart = file;
this.mStringPart = mStringPart;
entity.setMode(HttpMultipartMode.BROWSER_COMPATIBLE);
buildMultipartEntity();
}
public void addStringBody(String param, String value) {
mStringPart.put(param, value);
}
private void buildMultipartEntity() {
for (Map.Entry<String, File> entry : mFilePart.entrySet()) {
// entity.addPart(entry.getKey(), new FileBody(entry.getValue(), ContentType.create("image/jpeg"), entry.getKey()));
try {
entity.addBinaryBody(entry.getKey(), Utils.toByteArray(new FileInputStream(entry.getValue())), ContentType.create("image/jpeg"), entry.getKey() + ".JPG");
} catch (FileNotFoundException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
}
for (Map.Entry<String, String> entry : mStringPart.entrySet()) {
if (entry.getKey() != null && entry.getValue() != null) {
entity.addTextBody(entry.getKey(), entry.getValue());
}
}
}
@Override
public String getBodyContentType() {
return httpentity.getContentType().getValue();
}
@Override
public byte[] getBody() throws AuthFailureError {
ByteArrayOutputStream bos = new ByteArrayOutputStream();
try {
httpentity = entity.build();
httpentity.writeTo(bos);
} catch (IOException e) {
VolleyLog.e("IOException writing to ByteArrayOutputStream");
}
return bos.toByteArray();
}
@Override
protected Response<String> parseNetworkResponse(NetworkResponse response) {
Log.d("Response", new String(response.data));
return Response.success(new String(response.data), getCacheEntry());
}
@Override
protected void deliverResponse(String response) {
mListener.onResponse(response);
}
}
次のようなリクエストを作成して追加できます。
Map<String, String> params = new HashMap<>();
params.put("name", name.getText().toString());
params.put("email", email.getText().toString());
params.put("user_id", appPreferences.getInt( Utils.PROPERTY_USER_ID, -1) + "");
params.put("password", password.getText().toString());
params.put("imageName", pictureName);
Map<String, File> files = new HashMap<>();
files.put("photo", new File(Utils.LOCAL_RESOURCE_PATH + pictureName));
MultipartRequest multipartRequest = new MultipartRequest(Utils.BASE_URL + "editprofile/" + appPreferences.getInt(Utils.PROPERTY_USER_ID, -1), new Response.ErrorListener() {
@Override
public void onErrorResponse(VolleyError error) {
// TODO Auto-generated method stub
Log.d("Error: ", error.toString());
FugaDialog.showErrorDialog(ProfileActivity.this);
}
}, new Response.Listener<String>() {
@Override
public void onResponse(String jsonResponse) {
JSONObject response = null;
try {
Log.d("jsonResponse: ", jsonResponse);
response = new JSONObject(jsonResponse);
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
try {
if (response != null && response.has("statusmessage") && response.getBoolean("statusmessage")) {
updateLocalRecord();
}
} catch (JSONException e) {
e.printStackTrace();
}
FugaDialog.dismiss();
}
}, files, params);
RequestQueue queue = Volley.newRequestQueue(this);
queue.add(multipartRequest);