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fail2banがubuntu 14.04の新規インストールで機能しないのはなぜですか？

Fail2banをインストールして構成した後、間違ったパスワードでsshを介してサーバーにログインしようとしました。何度か試した後、正しいパスワードで試してみましたが成功しました。つまり、fail2banは、ユーザーのログインを許可するユーザーIPを禁止していませんでした。設定したルールに関係なく、maxretry = 1など。

私のiptables -L出力：

Chain INPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         
fail2ban-SSH  tcp  --  anywhere             anywhere             tcp dpt:ssh

Chain FORWARD (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         

Chain OUTPUT (policy ACCEPT)
target     prot opt source               destination         

Chain fail2ban-SSH (1 references)
target     prot opt source               destination         
RETURN     all  --  anywhere             anywhere

デバッグログは次のとおりです。完全なバージョンではありません。

root@Host:~# fail2ban-client -v -v -v start
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/fail2ban under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.conf
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.conf']
INFO   Using socket file /var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/fail2ban under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.conf
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/fail2ban.conf']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/sshd under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/sshd.conf
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/common.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/common.local', '/etc/fail2ban/filter.d/sshd.conf']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/action.d/iptables under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/action.d/iptables.conf
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/action.d/iptables-blocktype.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/action.d/iptables-blocktype.local', '/etc/fail2ban/action.d/iptables.conf']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

[...] SKIPPED SOME READING CONFIG FILES here

DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
DEBUG  Reading configs for /etc/fail2ban/jail under /etc/fail2ban 
DEBUG  Reading config files: /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf, /etc/fail2ban/jail.local
DEBUG  Reading files: ['/etc/fail2ban/jail.conf', '/etc/fail2ban/jail.local']
INFO   [#         ] Waiting on the server...DEBUG  Starting '/usr/bin/fail2ban-server' with args ['fail2ban-server', '-b', '-s', '/var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.sock', '-p', '/var/run/fail2ban/fail2ban.pid']
2014-05-22 15:29:14,376 fail2ban.server : INFO   Starting Fail2ban v0.8.11
2014-05-22 15:29:14,376 fail2ban.server : INFO   Starting in daemon mode
DEBUG  OK : 'pong'

DEBUG  OK : 3
DEBUG  OK : '/var/log/fail2ban.log'
DEBUG  OK : 'ssh'
DEBUG  OK : 'warn'
DEBUG  OK : ['/var/log/auth.log']
DEBUG  OK : 1
DEBUG  OK : ['127.0.0.1/8']
DEBUG  OK : 600
DEBUG  OK : 600
DEBUG  OK : ['^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*(?:error: PAM: )?[aA]uthentication (?:failure|error) for .* from (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<Host>[\\w\\-.^_]*\\w)( via \\S+)?\\s*$']
DEBUG  OK : ['^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*(?:error: PAM: )?[aA]uthentication (?:failure|error) for .* from (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<Host>[\\w\\-.^_]*\\w)( via \\S+)?\\s*$', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*(?:error: PAM: )?User not known to the underlying authentication module for .* from (?:::f{4,6}:)?(?P<Host>[\\w\\-.^_]*\\w)\\s*$']

[...] SKIPPED SOME REGEX HERE

DEBUG  OK : 'iptables'
DEBUG  OK : 'iptables -I fail2ban-<name> 1 -s <ip> -j <blocktype>'
DEBUG  OK : 'iptables -D <chain> -p <protocol> --dport <port> -j fail2ban-<name>\niptables -F fail2ban-<name>\niptables -X fail2ban-<name>'
DEBUG  OK : 'iptables -N fail2ban-<name>\niptables -A fail2ban-<name> -j RETURN\niptables -I <chain> -p <protocol> --dport <port> -j fail2ban-<name>'
DEBUG  OK : 'iptables -D fail2ban-<name> -s <ip> -j <blocktype>'
DEBUG  OK : "iptables -n -L <chain> | grep -q 'fail2ban-<name>[ \\t]'"
DEBUG  OK : 'REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable'
DEBUG  OK : 'tcp'
DEBUG  OK : 'SSH'
DEBUG  OK : 'INPUT'
DEBUG  OK : 'ssh'
DEBUG  OK : None

私のfail2ban.log、jail.local：

tail /var/log/fail2ban.log
2014-05-22 15:30:27,729 fail2ban.server : INFO   Exiting Fail2ban
2014-05-22 15:30:32,668 fail2ban.server : INFO   Changed logging target to /var/log/fail2ban.log for Fail2ban v0.8.11
2014-05-22 15:30:32,668 fail2ban.jail   : INFO   Creating new jail 'ssh'
2014-05-22 15:30:32,668 fail2ban.jail   : INFO   Jail 'ssh' uses poller
2014-05-22 15:30:32,679 fail2ban.jail   : INFO   Initiated 'polling' backend
2014-05-22 15:30:32,680 fail2ban.filter : INFO   Added logfile = /var/log/auth.log
2014-05-22 15:30:32,681 fail2ban.filter : INFO   Set maxRetry = 1
2014-05-22 15:30:32,681 fail2ban.filter : INFO   Set findtime = 600
2014-05-22 15:30:32,682 fail2ban.actions: INFO   Set banTime = 600
2014-05-22 15:30:32,716 fail2ban.jail   : INFO   Jail 'ssh' started

テール/etc/fail2ban/jail.local

[ssh]
enabled = true
logpath = /var/log/auth.log
filter = sshd
maxretry = 1
action = iptables[name=SSH, port=ssh, protocol=tcp]
port = ssh


tail /var/log/auth.log

tail /var/log/auth.logが空です！

root @ Host：〜＃fail2ban-client -d

['set', 'loglevel', 3]
['set', 'logtarget', '/var/log/fail2ban.log']
['add', 'ssh', 'polling']
['set', 'ssh', 'usedns', 'warn']
['set', 'ssh', 'addlogpath', '/var/log/auth.log']
['set', 'ssh', 'maxretry', 1]
['set', 'ssh', 'addignoreip', '127.0.0.1/8']
['set', 'ssh', 'findtime', 600]
['set', 'ssh', 'bantime', 600]
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*(?:error: PAM: )?[aA]uthentication (?:failure|error) for .* from <Host>( via \\S+)?\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*(?:error: PAM: )?User not known to the underlying authentication module for .* from <Host>\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*Failed \\S+ for .*? from <Host>(?: port \\d*)?(?: ssh\\d*)?(: (ruser .*|(\\S+ ID \\S+ \\(serial \\d+\\) CA )?\\S+ (?:[\\da-f]{2}:){15}[\\da-f]{2}(, client user ".*", client Host ".*")?))?\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*ROOT LOGIN REFUSED.* FROM <Host>\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*[iI](?:llegal|nvalid) user .* from <Host>\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*User .+ from <Host> not allowed because not listed in AllowUsers\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*User .+ from <Host> not allowed because listed in DenyUsers\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*User .+ from <Host> not allowed because not in any group\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*refused connect from \\S+ \\(<Host>\\)\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', '^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*User .+ from <Host> not allowed because a group is listed in DenyGroups\\s*$']
['set', 'ssh', 'addfailregex', "^\\s*(<[^.]+\\.[^.]+>)?\\s*(?:\\S+ )?(?:kernel: \\[\\d+\\.\\d+\\] )?(?:@vserver_\\S+ )?(?:(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:\\s+[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?|[\\[\\(]?sshd(?:\\(\\S+\\))?[\\]\\)]?:?(?:\\[\\d+\\])?:?)?\\s(?:\\[ID \\d+ \\S+\\])?\\s*User .+ from <Host> not allowed because none of user's groups are listed in AllowGroups\\s*$"]
['set', 'ssh', 'addaction', 'iptables']
['set', 'ssh', 'actionban', 'iptables', 'iptables -I fail2ban-<name> 1 -s <ip> -j <blocktype>']
['set', 'ssh', 'actionstop', 'iptables', 'iptables -D <chain> -p <protocol> --dport <port> -j fail2ban-<name>\niptables -F fail2ban-<name>\niptables -X fail2ban-<name>']
['set', 'ssh', 'actionstart', 'iptables', 'iptables -N fail2ban-<name>\niptables -A fail2ban-<name> -j RETURN\niptables -I <chain> -p <protocol> --dport <port> -j fail2ban-<name>']
['set', 'ssh', 'actionunban', 'iptables', 'iptables -D fail2ban-<name> -s <ip> -j <blocktype>']
['set', 'ssh', 'actioncheck', 'iptables', "iptables -n -L <chain> | grep -q 'fail2ban-<name>[ \\t]'"]
['set', 'ssh', 'setcinfo', 'iptables', 'blocktype', 'REJECT --reject-with icmp-port-unreachable']
['set', 'ssh', 'setcinfo', 'iptables', 'protocol', 'tcp']
['set', 'ssh', 'setcinfo', 'iptables', 'name', 'SSH']
['set', 'ssh', 'setcinfo', 'iptables', 'chain', 'INPUT']
['set', 'ssh', 'setcinfo', 'iptables', 'port', 'ssh']
['start', 'ssh']

他の情報：

dpkg -l |grep fail  
ii  fail2ban                         0.8.11-1                      all          ban hosts that cause multiple authentication errors


/etc/init.d/fail2ban status      
 * Status of authentication failure monitor                                                                             *  fail2ban is running

fail2ban-client status   
Status
|- Number of jail:  1
`- Jail list:       ssh

ヒントはありますか？見てくれてありがとう！

apache-2.2ubuntuiptablesfail2ban
6
punkbit

関連しているかどうかはわかりませんが、状況をデバッグするために/var/log/auth.logを削除して再作成しました。空にする必要があったためです。

これが問題になる可能性があります。 syslogデーモンがまだ元のfdに書き込んでいる可能性があります。 syslogデーモンを再起動して、正しいファイルへのログ記録が開始されるかどうかを確認してください。

service rsyslog restart

メッセージがauth.logに送られると、動作を開始します。

12
user9517

これは、__bsd_syslog_verboseが間違っていることが原因である場合があります。 fail2banは、/ var/log/auth.logがYYYY.MM.DD（つまり：2014.10.15）で始まることを期待していますが、ログはMMM DD（つまり：10月15日）を読み取ります

これを修正するには、次のことを行う必要があります。

cp /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/common.conf /etc/fail2ban/filter.d/common.local

common.localを編集して設定：

__bsd_syslog_verbose = (<[^.]+ [^.]+>)

Fail2banを再起動します。

Ubuntu（再起動は使用しないでください）：

Sudo service fail2ban stop
Sudo service fail2ban start
6
D.Mill

Pyinotifyの問題：

https://github.com/fail2ban/fail2ban/issues/878

in /etc/fail2ban/jail.conf or /etc/fail2ban/jail.local

私が変更され "backend = auto"から"backend = polling"そしてすべてが期待どおりに動作します;）

service fail2ban stop
service fail2ban start
3
Theo

/var/log/auth.logは長い間空でしたので、コマンドを実行した後：service rsyslog restart

Sshの間違ったログイン試行の後、IPは禁止されます！

0
punkbit