Ubuntu 18.04のアップグレード後に壊れたパッケージ
最近、Ubuntu 16をUbuntu 18にアップグレードしました。すべての作品は、それ以前にも美しく、正常に機能しています。ただし、パッケージをインストールまたは削除できません。私はこのフォーラムで複数の回答について調査しました。しかし、どの解決策も私にとってはうまくいきません。これが私が実行したステップです。
$ Sudo apt autoremove
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt --fix-broken install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
imagemagick-6.q16 : Breaks: libmagickcore-dev (< 8:6.9.2.10+dfsg-2~) but 8:6.7.7.10-6ubuntu3.12 is installed
libmagick++-6.q16-dev : Breaks: libmagick++-dev (< 8:6.8.3.10-1~)
libmagick++-dev : Depends: libmagickwand-dev (= 8:6.7.7.10-6ubuntu3.12) but it is not installed
libmagickcore-6.q16-dev : Breaks: libmagickcore-dev (< 8:6.8.3.10-1~) but 8:6.7.7.10-6ubuntu3.12 is installed
E: Unmet dependencies. Try 'apt --fix-broken install' with no packages (or specify a solution).
出力の提案に従って、次のコマンドを実行します。
$ Sudo apt --fix-broken install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Correcting dependencies... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
gnome-keyring-pkcs11:i386 gstreamer1.0-Nice hardening-includes icc-profiles-free imagemagick-common libaccount-plugin-google libaether-Java libamd2.2.0 libantlr4-runtime-Java
libapache2-mod-php libapache2-mod-php7.0 libapparmor-Perl libappstream3 libasm3-Java libasm4-Java libasync-http-client-Java libautodie-Perl libavcodec53 libavformat53 libavutil51
libbatik-Java libbind9-90 libblas3gf libchamplain-gtk-0.12-0 libclassworlds-Java libcloog-isl4 libclutter-gst-2.0-0 libcodenarc-groovy-Java libcolamd2.8.0 libcolorhug1
libcommons-beanutils-Java libcommons-collections4-Java libcommons-compress-Java libcommons-configuration-Java libcommons-digester-Java libcommons-httpclient-Java
libcommons-jexl2-Java libcommons-jxpath-Java libcommons-net2-Java libcommons-vfs-Java libdbd-mysql-Perl libdbi-Perl libdns100 libdoxia-core-Java libdoxia-Java libeasymock-Java
libefivar0 libexiv2-12 libfontbox-Java libfop-Java libfwup0 libfwupd1 libgadu3 libgcrypt11:i386 libgegl-0.2-0 libgeronimo-ejb-3.2-spec-Java libgeronimo-jpa-2.0-spec-Java
libgeronimo-osgi-support-Java libgeronimo-validation-1.0-spec-Java libgif4 libgif4:i386 libgmetrics-groovy-Java libgnuinet-Java libgnujaf-Java libgnumail-Java libgnutls-openssl27
libgnutls26:i386 libgphoto2-port10 libgphoto2-port10:i386 libgraphviz-dev libgstreamer-plugins-base0.10-0:i386 libgstreamer0.10-0:i386 libgtkspell3-3-0 libgvc6-plugins-gtk
libgweather-3-6 libhud2 libilmbase6 libisc95 libisccc90 libisccfg90 libisl10 libisl15 libitext1-Java libjackrabbit-Java libjaffl-Java libjasper-dev libjavascriptcoregtk-1.0-0
libjctools-Java libjetty-extra libjetty-extra-Java libjetty-Java libjffi-Java libjffi-jni libjnr-constants-Java libjnr-ffi-Java libjnr-posix-Java libjnr-x86asm-Java
libjson-c2:i386 liblept4 liblinear1 liblwres90 libmagick++5 libmagickcore-dev libmagickcore5 libmagickcore5-extra libmagickwand5 libmaven-ant-tasks-Java libmaven-archiver-Java
libmaven-scm-Java libmaven2-core-Java libmockobjects-Java libmodello-Java libmx4j-Java libmysqlclient18:i386 libmysqlclient20 libnet-daemon-Perl libnetty-Java libopenexr6
libopenraw1 libosgi-foundation-ee-Java libp11-kit-gnome-keyring libp11-kit-gnome-keyring:i386 libpackagekit-glib2-16 libparboiled-Java libpegdown-Java libplexus-ant-factory-Java
libplexus-archiver-Java libplexus-bsh-factory-Java libplexus-build-api-Java libplexus-classworlds2-Java libplexus-cli-Java libplexus-i18n-Java libplexus-interactivity-api-Java
libplexus-io-Java libpng12-0:i386 libpoppler-qt4-4 libpoppler44 libprocps3 libprotobuf-c1 libprotobuf8 libprotoc8 libqt5opengl5 libqt5organizer5 libqtwebkit4 libraw9 libsaxon-Java
libschroedinger-1.0-0 libservlet2.5-Java libservlet3.0-Java libsisu-guice-Java libsisu-ioc-Java libsnappy-Java libsnappy-jni libspice-client-gtk-3.0-4 libspring-aop-Java
libspring-context-Java libspring-expression-Java libspring-instrument-Java libsub-identify-Perl libsystemd-login0 libterm-readkey-Perl libtesseract3 libtinyxml2.6.2
libtomcat7-Java libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0 libtxc-dxtn-s2tc0:i386 libufe-xidgetter0 libumfpack5.4.0 libunity-action-qt1 libustr-1.0-1 libva1 libvpx1 libvpx3 libvpx3:i386 libwagon-ftp-Java
libwagon-Java libwagon2-Java libwebkitgtk-1.0-0 libwebpmux1 libwxbase2.8-0 libwxgtk2.8-0 libxbean-Java libxdot4 libxmlgraphics-commons-Java libxtables10 linux-headers-3.13.0-156
linux-headers-3.13.0-156-generic linux-image-3.13.0-156-generic linux-image-extra-3.13.0-156-generic odbcinst odbcinst1debian2 oxideqt-codecs p11-kit-modules:i386 pgdg-keyring
Pidgin-data plainbox-provider-checkbox plainbox-provider-resource-generic python-certifi python-distlib python-pyatspi python-requests python3-pycurl
qtdeclarative5-accounts-plugin qtdeclarative5-localstorage-plugin qtdeclarative5-unity-action-plugin signon-keyring-extension signon-plugin-password signon-ui snapd-login-service
tesseract-ocr-equ ubuntu-ui-toolkit-theme unixodbc wine-gecko2.21 wine-gecko2.21:i386 wine-mono0.0.8 wine1.6-AMD64 wine1.6-i386:i386
Use 'Sudo apt autoremove' to remove them.
The following additional packages will be installed:
libmagick++-dev libmagickcore-dev
The following packages will be upgraded:
libmagick++-dev libmagickcore-dev
2 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 0 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
3 not fully installed or removed.
Need to get 0 B/2,780 B of archives.
After this operation, 6,226 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] Y
(Reading database ... 1227136 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack .../libmagick++-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb ...
dpkg-query: no packages found matching libmagick++-dev:all
dpkg-query: package 'libmagick++-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagick++-dev' not owned by package 'libmagick++-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagick++-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagick++-dev/NEWS.Debian.gz' not owned by package 'libmagick++-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagick++-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagick++-dev/changelog.Debian.gz' not owned by package 'libmagick++-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagick++-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagick++-dev/copyright' not owned by package 'libmagick++-dev:all'
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: directory '/usr/share/doc/libmagick++-dev' contains files not owned by package libmagick++-dev:all, cannot switch to symlink
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libmagick++-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb (--unpack):
new libmagick++-dev package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Preparing to unpack .../libmagickcore-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb ...
dpkg-query: no packages found matching libmagickcore-dev:all
dpkg-query: package 'libmagickcore-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagickcore-dev' not owned by package 'libmagickcore-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagickcore-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagickcore-dev/NEWS.Debian.gz' not owned by package 'libmagickcore-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagickcore-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagickcore-dev/changelog.Debian.gz' not owned by package 'libmagickcore-dev:all'
dpkg-query: package 'libmagickcore-dev' is not installed
Use dpkg --info (= dpkg-deb --info) to examine archive files,
and dpkg --contents (= dpkg-deb --contents) to list their contents.
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: file '/usr/share/doc/libmagickcore-dev/copyright' not owned by package 'libmagickcore-dev:all'
dpkg-maintscript-helper: error: directory '/usr/share/doc/libmagickcore-dev' contains files not owned by package libmagickcore-dev:all, cannot switch to symlink
dpkg: error processing archive /var/cache/apt/archives/libmagickcore-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb (--unpack):
new libmagickcore-dev package pre-installation script subprocess returned error exit status 1
Errors were encountered while processing:
/var/cache/apt/archives/libmagick++-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb
/var/cache/apt/archives/libmagickcore-dev_8%3a6.9.7.4+dfsg-16ubuntu6.3_all.deb
E: Sub-process /usr/bin/dpkg returned an error code (1)
オンラインフォーラムのヘルプに従って、以下のコマンドを試しましたが、以下のコマンドはどれも機能しません。
Sudo apt-get clean
Sudo apt-get autoclean
Sudo apt-get autoremove
Sudo apt-get -f install
Sudo apt-get upgrade
Sudo apt-get --purge remove package_name
ほぼ1日を過ごした後、私はこのフォーラムの回答の1つから1つの提案を見つけました。そこで、/var/lib/dpkg/statusという名前のファイルから、前述の壊れたパッケージ情報を1つずつ削除しました。
これは非常に退屈なプロセスです。しかし、これが私にとってうまくいく唯一のものです。