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libpngを使用してPNGをバッファにエンコードする方法は?

私は現在、次を使用してPNGをファイルに書き込みます。

_#include <png.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>

/* Pixels in this bitmap structure are stored as BGR. */
typedef struct _RGBPixel {
    uint8_t blue;
    uint8_t green;
    uint8_t red;
} RGBPixel;

/* Structure for containing decompressed bitmaps. */
typedef struct _RGBBitmap {
    RGBPixel *pixels;
    size_t width;
    size_t height;
    size_t bytewidth;
    uint8_t bytes_per_pixel;
} RGBBitmap;

/* Returns pixel of bitmap at given point. */
#define RGBPixelAtPoint(image, x, y) \
    *(((image)->pixels) + (((image)->bytewidth * (y)) \
                        + ((x) * (image)->bytes_per_pixel)))

/* Attempts to save PNG to file; returns 0 on success, non-zero on error. */
int save_png_to_file(RGBBitmap *bitmap, const char *path)
{
    FILE *fp = fopen(path, "wb");
    png_structp png_ptr = NULL;
    png_infop info_ptr = NULL;
    size_t x, y;
    png_uint_32 bytes_per_row;
    png_byte **row_pointers = NULL;

    if (fp == NULL) return -1;

    /* Initialize the write struct. */
    png_ptr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (png_ptr == NULL) {
        fclose(fp);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Initialize the info struct. */
    info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(png_ptr);
    if (info_ptr == NULL) {
        png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, NULL);
        fclose(fp);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Set up error handling. */
    if (setjmp(png_jmpbuf(png_ptr))) {
        png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
        fclose(fp);
        return -1;
    }

    /* Set image attributes. */
    png_set_IHDR(png_ptr,
                 info_ptr,
                 bitmap->width,
                 bitmap->height,
                 8,
                 PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGB,
                 PNG_INTERLACE_NONE,
                 PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT,
                 PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);

    /* Initialize rows of PNG. */
    bytes_per_row = bitmap->width * bitmap->bytes_per_pixel;
    row_pointers = png_malloc(png_ptr, bitmap->height * sizeof(png_byte *));
    for (y = 0; y < bitmap->height; ++y) {
        uint8_t *row = png_malloc(png_ptr, sizeof(uint8_t) * bitmap->bytes_per_pixel);
        row_pointers[y] = (png_byte *)row;
        for (x = 0; x < bitmap->width; ++x) {
            RGBPixel color = RGBPixelAtPoint(bitmap, x, y);
            *row++ = color.red;
            *row++ = color.green;
            *row++ = color.blue;
        }
    }

    /* Actually write the image data. */
    png_init_io(png_ptr, fp);
    png_set_rows(png_ptr, info_ptr, row_pointers);
    png_write_png(png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY, NULL);

    /* Cleanup. */
    for (y = 0; y < bitmap->height; y++) {
        png_free(png_ptr, row_pointers[y]);
    }
    png_free(png_ptr, row_pointers);

    /* Finish writing. */
    png_destroy_write_struct(&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
    fclose(fp);
    return 0;
}
_

PNGをメモリ内バッファにエンコードするための同様の関数(C)を作成するにはどうすればよいですか?

プロトタイプは次のようになります。

_uint8_t *encode_png_to_buffer(RGBBitmap *source);
_

そして、おそらくpng_set_write_fn()を利用する必要があるようです。

しかし、それを除けば、これにどのようにアプローチするかはわかりません。これが行われている例はありますか?確かに、私はこの機能を必要とする最初の人ではありません。

25
Sam

はい、png_set_write_fnを次のように使用します-テストされていません:

更新コメントからの編集あり

/* structure to store PNG image bytes */
struct mem_encode
{
  char *buffer;
  size_t size;
}


void
my_png_write_data(png_structp png_ptr, png_bytep data, png_size_t length)
{
  /* with libpng15 next line causes pointer deference error; use libpng12 */
  struct mem_encode* p=(struct mem_encode*)png_get_io_ptr(png_ptr); /* was png_ptr->io_ptr */
  size_t nsize = p->size + length;

  /* allocate or grow buffer */
  if(p->buffer)
    p->buffer = realloc(p->buffer, nsize);
  else
    p->buffer = malloc(nsize);

  if(!p->buffer)
    png_error(png_ptr, "Write Error");

  /* copy new bytes to end of buffer */
  memcpy(p->buffer + p->size, data, length);
  p->size += length;
}

/* This is optional but included to show how png_set_write_fn() is called */
void
my_png_flush(png_structp png_ptr)
{
}



int save_png_to_file(RGBBitmap *bitmap, const char *path)
{
...
/* static */
struct mem_encode state;

/* initialise - put this before png_write_png() call */
state.buffer = NULL;
state.size = 0;

/* if my_png_flush() is not needed, change the arg to NULL */
png_set_write_fn(png_ptr, &state, my_png_write_data, my_png_flush);

... call png_write_png() ...

/* now state.buffer contains the PNG image of size s.size bytes */

/* cleanup */
if(state.buffer)
  free(state.buffer);
17
dajobe
#include <png.h>
#include <vector>
#include <iostream>
#include <stdlib.h>

//encode and write PNG to memory (std::vector) with libpng on C++

typedef unsigned char ui8;
#define ASSERT_EX(cond, error_message) do { if (!(cond)) { std::cerr << error_message; exit(1);} } while(0)

static void PngWriteCallback(png_structp  png_ptr, png_bytep data, png_size_t length) {
    std::vector<ui8> *p = (std::vector<ui8>*)png_get_io_ptr(png_ptr);
    p->insert(p->end(), data, data + length);
}

struct TPngDestructor {
    png_struct *p;
    TPngDestructor(png_struct *p) : p(p)  {}
    ~TPngDestructor() { if (p) {  png_destroy_write_struct(&p, NULL); } }
};

void WritePngToMemory(size_t w, size_t h, const ui8 *dataRGBA, std::vector<ui8> *out) {
    out->clear();
    png_structp p = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    ASSERT_EX(p, "png_create_write_struct() failed");
    TPngDestructor destroyPng(p);
    png_infop info_ptr = png_create_info_struct(p);
    ASSERT_EX(info_ptr, "png_create_info_struct() failed");
    ASSERT_EX(0 == setjmp(png_jmpbuf(p)), "setjmp(png_jmpbuf(p) failed");
    png_set_IHDR(p, info_ptr, w, h, 8,
            PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGBA,
            PNG_INTERLACE_NONE,
            PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT,
            PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);
    //png_set_compression_level(p, 1);
    std::vector<ui8*> rows(h);
    for (size_t y = 0; y < h; ++y)
        rows[y] = (ui8*)dataRGBA + y * w * 4;
    png_set_rows(p, info_ptr, &rows[0]);
    png_set_write_fn(p, out, PngWriteCallback, NULL);
    png_write_png(p, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY, NULL);
}
4
Joseph

このコードの以前のバージョンを見つけてハッキングし、16ビットのグレースケールPNGファイルを生成して保存しました。このPNGを実行して生成します: Sample grayscale from near 0 to near 64k in a 400x400 png

これは、実行可能ファイルをビルドするための完全なソースとGCCコマンドです。私のシステムであるOpenSuse42/64とGCC-> gccバージョン4.8.5(SUSE Linux)およびlibpng 1.6.23で動作しますが、誰かが実際に実行しようとすると、フラックスコンデンサが溶けてしまう可能性があります。 ;)

#include <png.h>
#include <math.h>
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <stdint.h>
#include "string.h"

/* 8 QBit RGB/24 to 16 QBit Grayscale hack
 * based on code found at
 * http://www.lemoda.net/c/write-png/  and png.h libpng version 1.6.23
 */
/*
 gcc -L/usr/local/static -I/usr/local/static/include -lpng16 /home/photog/bin/png.test.gray16.c  -lm -o  /home/photog/bin/png.tg16

 */
// =============================================================================
typedef struct {
    uint8_t red;  uint8_t green;  uint8_t blue;  // A colored pixel
} pixel_t;

typedef struct {
    uint16_t gray;  // A GRAY pixel
} pixel_gray_16_t;

typedef struct  {  // A picture
    pixel_gray_16_t *pixels;
    size_t width;
    size_t height;
} bitmap_t;

// =============================================================================
// Write "bitmap" to a PNG file specified by "path"; returns 0 on
//   success, non-zero on error
static int save_png_to_file (bitmap_t *bitmap, const char *path)  {
    FILE * fp;
    png_structp png_ptr = NULL;
    png_infop  info_ptr = NULL;
    size_t x, y;
    int pidx=0;  // Pixel_Index
    png_byte **row_pointers = NULL;  // KLUDGE!!

    /* "status" contains the return value of this function. At first
       it is set to a value which means 'failure'. When the routine
       has finished its work, it is set to a value which means
       'success'. */
    int status = -1;
    /* The following number is set by trial and error only. I cannot
       see where it it is documented in the libpng manual  */
    int pixel_size = 2;  // 3 for RGB/24;
    int depth = 16;      // 8 for RGB/24;

    fp = fopen (path, "wb");  if (! fp) {  goto fopen_failed;  }

    png_ptr = png_create_write_struct (PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL);
    if (png_ptr == NULL) {  goto png_create_write_struct_failed;  }

    info_ptr = png_create_info_struct (png_ptr);
    if (info_ptr == NULL) {  goto png_create_info_struct_failed;  }

    /* Set up error handling. */
    if (setjmp (png_jmpbuf (png_ptr))) {  goto png_failure;  }

    // Set image attributes;  # de fine PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY 0
    png_set_IHDR (png_ptr, info_ptr, bitmap->width, bitmap->height, depth,
        PNG_COLOR_TYPE_GRAY, PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT,
        PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);

    /* Initialize rows of PNG. */
    row_pointers=png_malloc(png_ptr, bitmap->height * sizeof(png_uint_16 *));

    // Copy system Callocated user data to PNG owned space  
    for (y=0, pidx=0; y < bitmap->height; ++y) {
        png_byte *row = 
            png_malloc(png_ptr, sizeof(uint8_t) * bitmap->width * pixel_size);
        row_pointers[y] = row;
        memcpy((void *)row, bitmap->pixels+pidx, bitmap->width * 2);
        pidx += bitmap->width;  // Move to next row
    }
    /* Write the image data to "fp". */
    png_init_io (png_ptr, fp);
    png_set_rows (png_ptr, info_ptr, row_pointers);
    png_write_png(png_ptr,info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ENDIAN,NULL); 
    //png_write_png (png_ptr, info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY, NULL);

    // The routine has successfully written the file, so we set "status" to a 
    // value which indicates success
    status = 0;
    for(y=0; y < bitmap->height; y++)  png_free (png_ptr, row_pointers[y]);  
    png_free (png_ptr, row_pointers);

 png_failure:
 png_create_info_struct_failed:
    png_destroy_write_struct (&png_ptr, &info_ptr);
 png_create_write_struct_failed:
    fclose (fp);
 fopen_failed:
    return status;
}

// =============================================================================
// =============================================================================


int main ()  {
    bitmap_t fruit;
    const char ofn[]={ "fruit.g16.png" };  // Output FileName
    int x, y, pidx=0;
    uint16_t gray_u16;
    float graysf;  // Gray Scale factor. 0->0, last_pix -> QMax(16)

    fruit.width  = 400;  // Size the image
    fruit.height = 400;
    graysf=(65535.0f/fruit.width)/fruit.height;  // Last pix => 65535
    fruit.pixels=calloc(sizeof(pixel_gray_16_t), fruit.width * fruit.height);

    // Create linear black -> white gradient
    for(y=0; y < fruit.height; y++)  {
        for(x=0; x < fruit.width; x++)  {
            gray_u16=(uint16_t)lrintf((y*fruit.width+x)*graysf);
            fruit.pixels[pidx++].gray = gray_u16;
        }
    }

    // Write the image to a file
    save_png_to_file (&fruit, ofn);
    printf("Wrote gray/16 PNG file %s\n", ofn);
    return 0;
}  this line may  not compile
// =============================================================================

groch、私は上記を見つけました、16 QBitPNGコードを機能させるのに役立つコードを取り除いた。このテストされていない潜在的に危険なハッキングは、それを実行することの固有のリスクについての免責事項とともに、参照目的でのみ追加されました。コンパイラエラー行が追加されたため、誰かがコンパイルするためにそれを編集して、独自のカスタマイズされたバージョンにする必要がありました。投稿は、すでに良いスレッドに有用な情報のイオタを追加した可能性があります。純粋に哲学的な不思議はノイズを追加しますが、光は追加しません...おそらく、コードに機能を追加できますか?

注:最初の実行では、Intel SkylakeCPUで奇妙な結果が得られました。

あなたはエンディアンになりました!

Wrong Endian! PNGs are saved in sane, network byte order. This is what byte-scrambled dis-order really looks like!

この行を変更する必要がありました:

png_write_png(png_ptr,info_ptr, PNG_TRANSFORM_SWAP_ENDIAN,NULL); 
1
PatrickPhotog

私の好みでは、他の答えは完全ではないようです。そこで、これらの回答やその他の調査を使用して、バッファに黒い背景を書き込みました。次に、確認するために、バッファをファイルに書き込みました。これはgccでコンパイルされました。ライブラリフラグ-lpngが追加されました。

#define PNG_SETJMP_NOT_SUPPORTED
#include <stdio.h>
#include <stdlib.h>
#include <png.h>

struct libpng_inmem_write_struct { /* This is from png.c */
  unsigned char * pngBfr;  /* destination memory */
  unsigned long pngSiz;  /* destination memory size (bytes) */
};

void freeExit_w_msg(char * msg);
void wrtBgPng(png_structp pngWrtPtr, png_bytep data, png_size_t length);

png_structp pngWrtPtr; /* The pointer that points the PNG write structure */
png_infop pngWrtInfoPtr; /* The pointer that points the PNG write information */ 
struct libpng_inmem_write_struct p_io; /* Holds the encoded PNG data */
FILE * fw; /* The file pointer of the test file that will be wrote. */

void freeExit_w_msg(char * msg) {
    if (pngWrtPtr) png_destroy_write_struct(&pngWrtPtr, &pngWrtInfoPtr);
    if (p_io.pngBfr) free(p_io.pngBfr);
    fclose(fw); 
    printf("%s\n", msg);
    exit(0);
}

int main(int argc, char *argv[])
{
    pngWrtInfoPtr = NULL;   /* write_info_ptr */
    p_io.pngBfr = NULL;
    p_io.pngSiz = 0;
    int imgWdth = 2558;
    int imgHght = 1438;
    fw = fopen (argv[1], "wb"); /* argv[1] is the name of the test file */

    if (!fw) {
        char msg[300];
        sprintf(msg, "The file, %s, did not correctly open.\n", argv[1]);
        freeExit_w_msg(msg);
    }

    pngWrtPtr = png_create_write_struct(PNG_LIBPNG_VER_STRING, NULL, NULL, NULL); /* write_ptr */
    if (!pngWrtPtr) freeExit_w_msg((char *) "The PNG write memory did not correctly allocate.");
    pngWrtInfoPtr = png_create_info_struct(pngWrtPtr);
    if (!pngWrtInfoPtr) freeExit_w_msg((char *) "The PNG write information memory did not correctly allocate.");
    png_set_IHDR(pngWrtPtr, pngWrtInfoPtr, imgWdth, imgHght, 8, PNG_COLOR_TYPE_RGBA, PNG_INTERLACE_NONE, PNG_COMPRESSION_TYPE_DEFAULT, PNG_FILTER_TYPE_DEFAULT);    
    png_byte ** row_pointers = (png_byte **) png_malloc(pngWrtPtr, imgHght * sizeof(png_byte *));
    size_t bytesPerRow = imgWdth << 2; /* 4 Bytes per pixel */
    unsigned char * imgBfr = (unsigned char *) calloc(1, imgHght * bytesPerRow * sizeof(unsigned char)); 

    for (int rw = 0; rw < imgHght; rw++) {
        png_byte * rwPtr = row_pointers[rw] = (png_byte *) (imgBfr + rw * bytesPerRow); 

        for (int pxl = 0, byt = 0; pxl < imgWdth; pxl++) { /* Write a black background */
            for (int clr = 0; clr < 3; clr++) rwPtr[byt++] = 0;
            rwPtr[byt++] = 0xff;
        }
    }   

    p_io.pngBfr = (unsigned char *) malloc(4); /* Defines final PNG data location */
    p_io.pngSiz = 4;
    png_init_io(pngWrtPtr, (png_FILE_p) &p_io);
    png_set_rows(pngWrtPtr, pngWrtInfoPtr, &row_pointers[0]);
    png_set_write_fn(pngWrtPtr, &p_io, wrtBgPng, NULL);
    png_write_png(pngWrtPtr, pngWrtInfoPtr, PNG_TRANSFORM_IDENTITY, NULL);
    fwrite(p_io.pngBfr + 4, 1, p_io.pngSiz, fw); /* Test file */
    freeExit_w_msg((char *) "The exit was normal.");
}

void wrtBgPng(png_structp pngWrtPtr, png_bytep data, png_size_t length) {
    struct libpng_inmem_write_struct * p = (struct libpng_inmem_write_struct *) png_get_io_ptr(pngWrtPtr);
    p->pngBfr = (unsigned char *) realloc(p->pngBfr, p->pngSiz + length); /* From png.c */
    if (!p->pngBfr) freeExit_w_msg((char *) "The PNG write memory did not correctly allocate.");
    memmove(p->pngBfr + p->pngSiz, data, length);
    p->pngSiz += length;
}
0
VectorVortec