「cat」コマンドを使用して段落に番号を付ける
現在、catコマンドを使用して、実行中のプロジェクトのテキストファイルを自動的に番号付けされた段落として表示する方法を探していますが、1つのコマンドを見つけることができませんでした。
例：
Frederick II (German: Friedrich; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.[1] His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the Arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years' War.
Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands. Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great (Friedrich der Große) and was affectionately nicknamed Der Alte Fritz ("Old Fritz") by the Prussian people.
次に、コマンドが入力されたら：
1. Frederick II (German: Friedrich; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.[1] His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the Arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years' War.
2.Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands. Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great (Friedrich der Große) and was affectionately nicknamed Der Alte Fritz ("Old Fritz") by the Prussian people.
これは私が簡単に見つけられると正直に思ったものですが、それを行う方法についての答えがある単一のWebサイトを見つけることができませんでした。 （catコマンドのバリエーションでなければならないことに注意してください。）
段落が実際の例のような行であり、catのみを使用する必要がある場合、-b（空でない行の番号）が必要ですか？
cat -b file
次のようになります。
1 Frederick II (German: Friedrich; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.[1] His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the Arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years' War.
2 Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands. Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great (Friedrich der Große) and was affectionately nicknamed Der Alte Fritz ("Old Fritz") by the Prussian people.
これを端末で印刷する代わりにファイルに保存するには：
cat -b file > file2
本当に必要な場合は、数字の後にドットを追加できますが、catを助けるために別のコマンドを使用することなく、afaikではなく、sedのようになります。それらで始まる（cat -bインデント）、同じパターンに加えて.を追加して1.2.などを作成します（これは@terdonによって非常に速く提案されたので、自分で作ってクレジットを取る時間がある
cat -b file | sed -r 's/^\s+[0-9]+/&./' > file2
あなたの例では、各段落は実際にはただの1行です。それが段落に形成される唯一の方法は、それを表示するために使用されているアプリケーションでテキストを折り返すことです。
catを使用して、ファイル内のすべての空でない行に番号を付けることができます。
cat -b file
これを別のファイルに送信する場合は、リダイレクトを使用します。
cat -b file > newfile
manコマンドは、他のコマンドの使用法を学ぶのに非常に役立ちます。たとえば、man catは次のようになります。
NAME
cat - concatenate files and print on the standard output
SYNOPSIS
cat [OPTION]... [FILE]...
DESCRIPTION
Concatenate FILE(s), or standard input, to standard output.
-A, --show-all
equivalent to -vET
-b, --number-nonblank
number nonempty output lines, overrides -n
-e equivalent to -vE
-E, --show-ends
display $ at end of each line
-n, --number
number all output lines
-s, --squeeze-blank
suppress repeated empty output lines
-t equivalent to -vT
-T, --show-tabs
display TAB characters as ^I
-u (ignored)
-v, --show-nonprinting
use ^ and M- notation, except for LFD and TAB
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
With no FILE, or when FILE is -, read standard input.
EXAMPLES
cat f - g
Output f's contents, then standard input, then g's contents.
cat Copy standard input to standard output.
AUTHOR
Written by Torbjorn Granlund and Richard M. Stallman.
REPORTING BUGS
Report cat bugs to [email protected]
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report cat translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright © 2013 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU
GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it.
There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
tac(1)
The full documentation for cat is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If
the info and cat programs are properly installed at your site, the
command
info coreutils 'cat invocation'
should give you access to the complete manual.
「段落」で空行で区切られた行のブロックを意味する場合、単純なawkコマンドで番号を追加できます。
awk -v RS= '{print ++i, $0}' file
出力の空白行を保持するには、次のようにORS変数を\n\nに設定できます。
awk -v RS= -vORS='\n\n' '{print ++i, $0}' file
出力を新しいファイルに保存する場合は、次のようなリダイレクトを使用できます。
awk -v RS= '{print ++i, $0}' file > newfile
「段落」はまだ段落ではなく、単なる長い行です（他の人が述べているように）
行に番号を付けてから段落にする必要があります。これにはfoldを使用できます。
cat -b file | fold -sw 80
これは空でない行に番号を付け、それを80文字（または列）で幅を保持する折り畳みにパイプし、スペースで行を分割します。
Frederick II (German: Friedrich; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786) was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.[1] His most significant accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the Arts and the Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven Years' War.
Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands. Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great (Friedrich der Große) and was affectionately nicknamed Der Alte Fritz ("Old Fritz") by the Prussian people.
1 Frederick II (German: Friedrich; 24 January 1712 – 17 August 1786)
was King of Prussia from 1740 until 1786.[1] His most significant
accomplishments during his reign included his military victories, his
reorganization of Prussian armies, his patronage of the Arts and the
Enlightenment in Prussia, and his final success against great odds in the Seven
Years' War.
2 Frederick was the last titled King in Prussia and declared himself King
of Prussia after achieving full sovereignty for all historical Prussian lands.
Prussia had greatly increased its territories and became a leading military
power in Europe under his rule. He became known as Frederick the Great
(Friedrich der Große) and was affectionately nicknamed Der Alte Fritz ("Old
Fritz") by the Prussian people.
ネコ
-b, --number-nonblank
number nonempty output lines, overrides -n
折る
-s, --spaces
break at spaces
-w, --width=WIDTH
use WIDTH columns instead of 80
「段落」コマンドはありません。 cat -bは使用したいものです。
これが今年の特定の管理された評価タスクであると仮定します;）行と段落番号間の混乱はおそらく、pico/nanoを使用してテキストファイルを作成すると、書き込み中にEnterキーを押して段落のようにしたという事実に起因しますしたがって、各「段落」は1行のみです。
Wordラップがあるデスクトップ環境のテストエディターでファイルを作成してみてください。 cat -b出力が期待どおりに表示されます。コマンドラインエディターの段落は、Wordで折り返されない非常に長い1行のテキストです。