SQL TRUNCATE DATABASE？すべてのテーブルを切り捨てる方法
SQL Server 2008 R2を使用しています。
20個すべてのテーブルを切り捨てる代わりに、データベースを空にするSQLコマンドはありますか？
構造ではなくデータを削除したいだけです。
次のようにsp_MSforeachtableストアドプロシージャを使用できます。
USE MyDatabase
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'TRUNCATE TABLE ?'
これにより、すべてのユーザーテーブルからすべてのデータが（切り捨てにより）削除されることに注意してください。また、外部キーなどが原因で切り捨てできない場合は、削除と同じように実行できます。
USE MyDatabase
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'DELETE FROM ?'
このスクリプトを使用します
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable ‘ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL’
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable ‘DELETE FROM ?’
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable ‘ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL’
GO
提供されるソリューションのほとんどは、DELETEとは異なるTRUNCATEを使用しないか、外部キー制約の問題を処理しません。 Chaitanyaが提供するソリューションは近づいていますが、DELETEを使用することにフォールバックし、ストアドプロシージャで実行します。これは、データベース内のすべてのデータを削除する状況に適合しないようです。
したがって、以下はTRUNCATEを使用し、外部キー制約の問題に対処する私のバリエーションです。
/* TRUNCATE ALL TABLES IN A DATABASE */
DECLARE @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable TABLE
(
DropStmt VARCHAR(MAX)
,CreateStmt VARCHAR(MAX)
)
/* Gather information to drop and then recreate the current foreign key constraints */
INSERT @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable
SELECT DropStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema
+ '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName + '] DROP CONSTRAINT ['
+ ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName + ']; '
,CreateStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema
+ '].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName
+ '] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName
+ '] FOREIGN KEY([' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableColumn
+ ']) REFERENCES [' + SCHEMA_NAME(sys.objects.schema_id)
+ '].[' + sys.objects.[name] + ']([' + sys.columns.[name]
+ ']); '
FROM sys.objects
INNER JOIN sys.columns
ON ( sys.columns.[object_id] = sys.objects.[object_id] )
INNER JOIN ( SELECT sys.foreign_keys.[name] AS ForeignKeyName
,SCHEMA_NAME(sys.objects.schema_id) AS ForeignTableSchema
,sys.objects.[name] AS ForeignTableName
,sys.columns.[name] AS ForeignTableColumn
,sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id AS referenced_object_id
,sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id AS referenced_column_id
FROM sys.foreign_keys
INNER JOIN sys.foreign_key_columns
ON ( sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id = sys.foreign_keys.[object_id] )
INNER JOIN sys.objects
ON ( sys.objects.[object_id] = sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id )
INNER JOIN sys.columns
ON ( sys.columns.[object_id] = sys.objects.[object_id] )
AND ( sys.columns.column_id = sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id )
) ForeignKeys
ON ( ForeignKeys.referenced_object_id = sys.objects.[object_id] )
AND ( ForeignKeys.referenced_column_id = sys.columns.column_id )
WHERE ( sys.objects.[type] = 'U' )
AND ( sys.objects.[name] NOT IN ( 'sysdiagrams' ) )
/* SELECT * FROM @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable AS DACCT */
DECLARE @DropStatement NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE @RecreateStatement NVARCHAR(MAX)
/* Drop Constraints */
DECLARE C1 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT DropStmt
FROM @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable
OPEN C1
FETCH NEXT FROM C1 INTO @DropStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @DropStatement
EXECUTE sp_executesql @DropStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C1 INTO @DropStatement
END
CLOSE C1
DEALLOCATE C1
/* Truncate all tables in the database in the dbo schema */
DECLARE @DeleteTableStatement NVARCHAR(MAX)
DECLARE C2 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT 'TRUNCATE TABLE [dbo].[' + TABLE_NAME + ']'
FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo'
AND TABLE_TYPE = 'BASE TABLE'
/* Change your schema appropriately if you don't want to use dbo */
OPEN C2
FETCH NEXT FROM C2 INTO @DeleteTableStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @DeleteTableStatement
EXECUTE sp_executesql @DeleteTableStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C2 INTO @DeleteTableStatement
END
CLOSE C2
DEALLOCATE C2
/* Recreate foreign key constraints */
DECLARE C3 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT CreateStmt
FROM @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable
OPEN C3
FETCH NEXT FROM C3 INTO @RecreateStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @RecreateStatement
EXECUTE sp_executesql @RecreateStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C3 INTO @RecreateStatement
END
CLOSE C3
DEALLOCATE C3
GO
外部キー関係がある場合、受け入れられた答えはまったく機能しません。その場合、制約を削除して再作成する必要があります。以下は、答えに基づいてそれを行うためのストアドプロシージャです here
CREATE PROCEDURE [dbo].[deleteAllDataFromAllTables] AS
SET NOCOUNT ON
DECLARE @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable TABLE ( DropStmt varchar(max) , CreateStmt varchar(max) )
insert @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable select
DropStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema +
'].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName +
'] DROP CONSTRAINT [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName + ']; '
, CreateStmt = 'ALTER TABLE [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableSchema +
'].[' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableName +
'] WITH CHECK ADD CONSTRAINT [' + ForeignKeys.ForeignKeyName +
'] FOREIGN KEY([' + ForeignKeys.ForeignTableColumn +
']) REFERENCES [' + schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) + '].[' +
sys.objects.[name] + ']([' +
sys.columns.[name] + ']); '
from sys.objects
inner join sys.columns
on (sys.columns.[object_id] = sys.objects.[object_id])
inner join (
select sys.foreign_keys.[name] as ForeignKeyName
,schema_name(sys.objects.schema_id) as ForeignTableSchema
,sys.objects.[name] as ForeignTableName
,sys.columns.[name] as ForeignTableColumn
,sys.foreign_keys.referenced_object_id as referenced_object_id
,sys.foreign_key_columns.referenced_column_id as referenced_column_id
from sys.foreign_keys
inner join sys.foreign_key_columns
on (sys.foreign_key_columns.constraint_object_id
= sys.foreign_keys.[object_id])
inner join sys.objects
on (sys.objects.[object_id]
= sys.foreign_keys.parent_object_id)
inner join sys.columns
on (sys.columns.[object_id]
= sys.objects.[object_id])
and (sys.columns.column_id
= sys.foreign_key_columns.parent_column_id)
) ForeignKeys
on (ForeignKeys.referenced_object_id = sys.objects.[object_id])
and (ForeignKeys.referenced_column_id = sys.columns.column_id)
where (sys.objects.[type] = 'U')
and (sys.objects.[name] not in ('sysdiagrams'))
DECLARE @DropStatement nvarchar(max)
DECLARE @RecreateStatement nvarchar(max)
DECLARE C1 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT DropStmt from @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable
OPEN C1
FETCH NEXT FROM C1 INTO @DropStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @DropStatement
execute sp_executesql @DropStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C1 INTO @DropStatement
END
CLOSE C1
DEALLOCATE C1
DECLARE @DeleteTableStatement nvarchar(max)
DECLARE C2 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT 'Delete From [dbo].[' + TABLE_NAME + ']' from INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHERE TABLE_SCHEMA = 'dbo' -- Change your schema appropriately.
OPEN C2
FETCH NEXT FROM C2 INTO @DeleteTableStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @DeleteTableStatement
execute sp_executesql @DeleteTableStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C2 INTO @DeleteTableStatement
END
CLOSE C2
DEALLOCATE C2
DECLARE C3 CURSOR READ_ONLY
FOR
SELECT CreateStmt from @dropAndCreateConstraintsTable
OPEN C3
FETCH NEXT FROM C3 INTO @RecreateStatement
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
PRINT 'Executing ' + @RecreateStatement
execute sp_executesql @RecreateStatement
FETCH NEXT FROM C3 INTO @RecreateStatement
END
CLOSE C3
DEALLOCATE C3
GO
これを実行する
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'PRINT ''ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'''
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'print ''DELETE FROM ?'''
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'print ''ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all'''
印刷結果をコピーし、クエリフィールドに貼り付けて実行します。すべてのテーブルを切り捨てます。
DECLARE @nombre NVARCHAR(100)
DECLARE @tablas TABLE(nombre nvarchar(100))
INSERT INTO @tablas
SELECT t.TABLE_SCHEMA+ '.'+t.TABLE_NAME FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES T
DECLARE @contador INT=0
SELECT @contador=COUNT(*) FROM INFORMATION_SCHEMA.TABLES
WHILE @contador>0
BEGIN
SELECT TOP 1 @nombre=nombre FROM @tablas
DECLARE @sql NVARCHAR(500)=''
SET @sql =@sql+'Truncate table '+@nombre
EXEC (@sql)
SELECT @sql
SET @contador=@contador-1
DELETE TOP (1) @tablas
END
これはナンセンスなスクリプトではありません：
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSforeachtable 'DBCC CHECKIDENT ( ''?'', RESEED, 0)'
GO
テーブルに外部キーがある場合、切り捨ては引き続き機能しません。このスクリプトは、すべてのID列もリセットします。
Boycs Answerとmtmurdockのその後の回答の両方からポイントを取ると、すべての開発データベースまたはステージングデータベースに次のストアドプロシージャがあります。特定の列のデータを再シードするステートメントを追加する必要がある場合は、自分の要件に合わせていくつかのスイッチを追加しました。
（注： Boycsの素晴らしい回答へのコメントとしてこれを追加しましたが、まだそれを行うには十分な評判を得ていません。これをまったく新しい回答として追加します。）
ALTER PROCEDURE up_ResetEntireDatabase
@IncludeIdentReseed BIT,
@IncludeDataReseed BIT
AS
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DELETE FROM ?'
IF @IncludeIdentReseed = 1
BEGIN
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'DBCC CHECKIDENT (''?'' , RESEED, 1)'
END
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable 'ALTER TABLE ? CHECK CONSTRAINT ALL'
IF @IncludeDataReseed = 1
BEGIN
-- Populate Core Data Table Here
END
GO
そして、準備ができたら実行は本当に簡単です：
EXEC up_ResetEntireDatabase 1, 1
特定のスキーマ内のすべてのテーブルのみを切り捨てる場合も、このストアドプロシージャを使用できます。
-- =============================================
-- Author: Ben de Ridder
-- Create date: 20160513
-- Description: Truncate all tables in schema
-- =============================================
CREATE PROCEDURE TruncateAllTablesInSchema
@schema nvarchar(50)
AS
BEGIN
-- SET NOCOUNT ON added to prevent extra result sets from
-- interfering with SELECT statements.
SET NOCOUNT ON;
DECLARE @table nVARCHAR(255)
DECLARE db_cursor CURSOR FOR
select t.name
from sys.tables t inner join
sys.schemas s on
t.schema_id=s.schema_id
where s.name=@schema
order by 1
OPEN db_cursor
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @table
WHILE @@FETCH_STATUS = 0
BEGIN
declare @sql nvarchar(1000)
set @sql = 'truncate table [' + @schema + '].[' + @table + ']'
exec sp_sqlexec @sql
FETCH NEXT FROM db_cursor INTO @table
END
CLOSE db_cursor
DEALLOCATE db_cursor
END
GO
---- Remove Constraint ----
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable "ALTER TABLE ? NOCHECK CONSTRAINT all"
---- Delete Data ----
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable "DELETE FROM ?"
---- Add Constraint ----
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable "ALTER TABLE ? WITH CHECK CHECK CONSTRAINT all"
---- Reset Identity value ----
EXEC sp_MSForEachTable "DBCC CHECKIDENT ( '?', RESEED, 0)"