debian configure：エラー：「libcurlが見つかりません」
Linux 2.6.32-openvz-042stab120.11-AMD64 OpenVZコンテナでDebian 8.9 Jessieを実行しています。
このバージョンには、以降のバージョンで削除された機能、つまりopen（read + write）とopen（write）があるため、curlftpfs 0.9.1を使用しようとしています。
現在のバージョンは0.9.2-9~deb8u1です：
apt-cache policy curlftpfs
curlftpfs:
Installed: (none)
Candidate: 0.9.2-9~deb8u1
Version table:
0.9.2-9~deb8u1 0
500 http://ftp.debian.org/debian/ jessie/main AMD64 Packages
Debianスナップショットのバイナリとソースの両方 を見つけることができました。
ただし、.debバイナリをインストールしようとすると、依存関係が満たされなくなります。
# dpkg -i ./curlftpfs_0.9.1-3_AMD64.deb
Selecting previously unselected package curlftpfs.
(Reading database ... 44948 files and directories currently installed.)
Preparing to unpack ./curlftpfs_0.9.1-3_AMD64.deb ...
Unpacking curlftpfs (0.9.1-3) ...
dpkg: dependency problems prevent configuration of curlftpfs:
curlftpfs depends on Fuse-utils; however:
Package Fuse-utils is not installed.
curlftpfs depends on libgnutls13 (>= 2.0.4-0); however:
Package libgnutls13 is not installed.
curlftpfs depends on libkrb53 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2); however:
Package libkrb53 is not installed.
curlftpfs depends on libldap2 (>= 2.1.17-1); however:
Package libldap2 is not installed.
dpkg: error processing package curlftpfs (--install):
dependency problems - leaving unconfigured
Processing triggers for man-db (2.7.0.2-5) ...
Errors were encountered while processing:
curlftpfs
そしてapt-getは、これらの依存関係はインストールできないことを教えてくれます：
#apt-get install
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
You might want to run 'apt-get -f install' to correct these.
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
curlftpfs : Depends: Fuse-utils but it is not installable
Depends: libgnutls13 (>= 2.0.4-0) but it is not installable
Depends: libkrb53 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2) but it is not installable
Depends: libldap2 (>= 2.1.17-1) but it is not installable
E: Unmet dependencies. Try using -f.
ただし、apt-get -f installを実行すると、curlftpfsのcurrentバージョンがインストールされます。
gdebiを試してみるのも良い方法ではありません。
# gdebi curlftpfs_0.9.1-3_AMD64.deb
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Building data structures... Done
Building data structures... Done
Este pacote n\xe3o pode ser desinstalado
Dependency is not satisfiable: Fuse-utils
ソースリストにdebian-snapshotを追加すると、必要な特定のパッケージバージョンを取得できますが、依存関係の地獄で失われます。
apt-get install -f curlftpfs=0.9.1-3+b2
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
curlftpfs : Depends: libkrb53 (>= 1.6.dfsg.2) but it is not going to be installed
Depends: Fuse-utils but it is not going to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
root@tunnelserver:~/temp# apt-get install Fuse-utils
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Some packages could not be installed. This may mean that you have
requested an impossible situation or if you are using the unstable
distribution that some required packages have not yet been created
or been moved out of Incoming.
The following information may help to resolve the situation:
The following packages have unmet dependencies:
Fuse-utils : Depends: libfuse2 (= 2.7.3-4) but 2.9.3-15+deb8u2 is to be installed
E: Unable to correct problems, you have held broken packages.
root@tunnelserver:~/temp# apt-get install libfuse2=2.7.3-4
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
The following packages were automatically installed and are no longer required:
libselinux1-dev libsepol1-dev
Use 'apt-get autoremove' to remove them.
Suggested packages:
Fuse-utils
The following packages will be REMOVED:
Fuse gvfs-Fuse libfuse-dev ntfs-3g sshfs testdisk
The following packages will be DOWNGRADED:
libfuse2
0 upgraded, 0 newly installed, 1 downgraded, 6 to remove and 0 not upgraded.
Need to get 128 kB of archives.
After this operation, 4059 kB disk space will be freed.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] n
それで、私はバイナリをビルドすることにしました。 Debian Snapshot からソースをダウンロードし、diffパッチを適用して./configureを実行すると、次のエラーが発生しました：debian configure: error: "libcurl not found"：
# ./configure
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether build environment is sane... yes
checking for gawk... gawk
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... yes
checking for gcc... gcc
checking for C compiler default output file name... a.out
checking whether the C compiler works... yes
checking whether we are cross compiling... no
checking for suffix of executables...
checking for suffix of object files... o
checking whether we are using the GNU C compiler... yes
checking whether gcc accepts -g... yes
checking for gcc option to accept ISO C89... none needed
checking for style of include used by make... GNU
checking dependency style of gcc... gcc3
checking how to run the C preprocessor... gcc -E
checking for a BSD-compatible install... /usr/bin/install -c
checking whether ln -s works... yes
checking whether make sets $(MAKE)... (cached) yes
checking build system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking Host system type... x86_64-unknown-linux-gnu
checking for a sed that does not truncate output... /bin/sed
checking for grep that handles long lines and -e... /bin/grep
checking for egrep... /bin/grep -E
checking for ld used by gcc... /usr/bin/ld
checking if the linker (/usr/bin/ld) is GNU ld... yes
checking for /usr/bin/ld option to reload object files... -r
checking for BSD-compatible nm... /usr/bin/nm -B
checking how to recognise dependent libraries... pass_all
checking for ANSI C header files... yes
checking for sys/types.h... yes
checking for sys/stat.h... yes
checking for stdlib.h... yes
checking for string.h... yes
checking for memory.h... yes
checking for strings.h... yes
checking for inttypes.h... yes
checking for stdint.h... yes
checking for unistd.h... yes
checking dlfcn.h usability... yes
checking dlfcn.h presence... yes
checking for dlfcn.h... yes
checking for g++... no
checking for c++... no
checking for gpp... no
checking for aCC... no
checking for CC... no
checking for cxx... no
checking for cc++... no
checking for cl.exe... no
checking for FCC... no
checking for KCC... no
checking for RCC... no
checking for xlC_r... no
checking for xlC... no
checking whether we are using the GNU C++ compiler... no
checking whether g++ accepts -g... no
checking dependency style of g++... none
checking for g77... no
checking for xlf... no
checking for f77... no
checking for frt... no
checking for pgf77... no
checking for cf77... no
checking for fort77... no
checking for fl32... no
checking for af77... no
checking for xlf90... no
checking for f90... no
checking for pgf90... no
checking for pghpf... no
checking for epcf90... no
checking for gfortran... no
checking for g95... no
checking for xlf95... no
checking for f95... no
checking for fort... no
checking for ifort... no
checking for ifc... no
checking for efc... no
checking for pgf95... no
checking for lf95... no
checking for ftn... no
checking whether we are using the GNU Fortran 77 compiler... no
checking whether accepts -g... no
checking the maximum length of command line arguments... 32768
checking command to parse /usr/bin/nm -B output from gcc object... ok
checking for objdir... .libs
checking for ar... ar
checking for ranlib... ranlib
checking for strip... strip
checking for correct ltmain.sh version... yes
checking if gcc supports -fno-rtti -fno-exceptions... no
checking for gcc option to produce PIC... -fPIC
checking if gcc PIC flag -fPIC works... yes
checking if gcc static flag -static works... yes
checking if gcc supports -c -o file.o... yes
checking whether the gcc linker (/usr/bin/ld -m elf_x86_64) supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether -lc should be explicitly linked in... no
checking dynamic linker characteristics... GNU/Linux ld.so
checking how to hardcode library paths into programs... immediate
checking whether stripping libraries is possible... yes
checking if libtool supports shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build shared libraries... yes
checking whether to build static libraries... yes
configure: creating libtool
appending configuration tag "CXX" to libtool
appending configuration tag "F77" to libtool
checking for pkg-config... /usr/bin/pkg-config
checking pkg-config is at least version 0.9.0... yes
checking for GLIB... yes
checking for Fuse... yes
checking for gawk... (cached) gawk
checking for curl-config... no
checking whether libcurl is usable... no
configure: error: "libcurl not found"
インストールできるlibcurlパッケージが見つかりません。どうすれば続行できますか？
インストールした場合libcurl4-openssl-devの場合、makeはlibcurlがないことについて不満を言うことはもうありません。
apt-get install libcurl4-openssl-dev
残念ながら、私はwhyまたはhowの説明を提供できません（パッケージがこのとらえどころのないlibcurlをインストールする場合を除きます）。
しかし、私は自分でテストして確認したところ、うまくいきました。だから私はこの答えをここに残します。
@That Brazilian Guyの回答が機能する理由についての詳細な説明。
libcurl3-devはいくつかのパッケージで提供されており、そのうちの1つはlibcurl4-openssl-devです。
最初に何がインストールされていますかlibcurl？ libcurl3がインストールされています。
# aptitude search libcurl
v libcurl-dev -
v libcurl-dev:i386 -
p libcurl-ocaml - OCaml curl bindings (Runtime Library)
p libcurl-ocaml:i386 - OCaml curl bindings (Runtime Library)
v libcurl-ocaml-d6l49 -
p libcurl-ocaml-dev - OCaml libcurl bindings (Development package)
p libcurl-ocaml-dev:i386 - OCaml libcurl bindings (Development package)
v libcurl-ocaml-dev-d6l49 -
v libcurl-ocaml-dev-ephj1:i386 -
v libcurl-ocaml-ephj1:i386 -
v libcurl-ssl-dev -
v libcurl-ssl-dev:i386 -
i A libcurl3 - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (OpenSSL flavour)
p libcurl3:i386 - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (OpenSSL flavour)
p libcurl3-dbg - debugging symbols for libcurl (OpenSSL, GnuTLS and NSS flavours
p libcurl3-dbg:i386 - debugging symbols for libcurl (OpenSSL, GnuTLS and NSS flavours
v libcurl3-dev -
v libcurl3-dev:i386 -
i A libcurl3-gnutls - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
p libcurl3-gnutls:i386 - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (GnuTLS flavour)
v libcurl3-gnutls-dev -
v libcurl3-gnutls-dev:i386 -
p libcurl3-nss - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (NSS flavour)
p libcurl3-nss:i386 - easy-to-use client-side URL transfer library (NSS flavour)
v libcurl3-nss-dev -
v libcurl3-nss-dev:i386 -
v libcurl3-openssl-dev -
v libcurl3-openssl-dev:i386 -
v libcurl4-dbg -
v libcurl4-dbg:i386 -
v libcurl4-dev -
v libcurl4-dev:i386 -
p libcurl4-doc - documentation for libcurl
p libcurl4-gnutls-dev - development files and documentation for libcurl (GnuTLS flavour
p libcurl4-gnutls-dev:i386 - development files and documentation for libcurl (GnuTLS flavour
p libcurl4-nss-dev - development files and documentation for libcurl (NSS flavour)
p libcurl4-nss-dev:i386 - development files and documentation for libcurl (NSS flavour)
p libcurl4-openssl-dev - development files and documentation for libcurl (OpenSSL flavou
p libcurl4-openssl-dev:i386 - development files and documentation for libcurl (OpenSSL flavou
p libcurlpp-dev - c++ wrapper for libcurl (development files)
p libcurlpp-dev:i386 - c++ wrapper for libcurl (development files)
p libcurlpp0 - c++ wrapper for libcurl
p libcurlpp0:i386 - c++ wrapper for libcurl
libcurl-devを試してみましょう
# apt-get install libcurl-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Package libcurl-dev is a virtual package provided by:
libcurl4-openssl-dev 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.13
libcurl4-nss-dev 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.13
libcurl4-gnutls-dev 7.35.0-1ubuntu2.13
You should explicitly select one to install.
E: Package 'libcurl-dev' has no installation candidate
いいえ、libcurl4のようですので、注意してください...
libcurl3-devを直接試す
# apt-get install libcurl3-dev
Reading package lists... Done
Building dependency tree
Reading state information... Done
Note, selecting 'libcurl4-openssl-dev' instead of 'libcurl3-dev'
The following extra packages will be installed:
comerr-dev krb5-multidev libgcrypt11-dev libgnutls-dev libgnutlsxx27
libgpg-error-dev libgssrpc4 libidn11-dev libkadm5clnt-mit9 libkadm5srv-mit9
libkdb5-7 libkrb5-dev libldap2-dev libp11-kit-dev librtmp-dev libtasn1-6-dev
Suggested packages:
krb5-doc libcurl4-doc libcurl3-dbg libgcrypt11-doc gnutls26-doc gnutls-bin
krb5-user
The following NEW packages will be installed:
comerr-dev krb5-multidev libcurl4-openssl-dev libgcrypt11-dev libgnutls-dev
libgnutlsxx27 libgpg-error-dev libgssrpc4 libidn11-dev libkadm5clnt-mit9
libkadm5srv-mit9 libkdb5-7 libkrb5-dev libldap2-dev libp11-kit-dev
librtmp-dev libtasn1-6-dev
0 upgraded, 17 newly installed, 0 to remove and 4 not upgraded.
Need to get 2,542 kB of archives.
After this operation, 11.2 MB of additional disk space will be used.
Do you want to continue? [Y/n] y
したがって、libcurl3-devでもlibcurl4-openssl-devが必要なので、そこに行きます...