Pulseaudioスピーカーから音が出ない
まあ、私はそこに同様の質問があることを知っていますが、それらの答えのどれも実際に私の問題を解決していません。私はDebian 10（uname -a: Linux msi-debian 4.19.0-6-AMD64 #1 SMP Debian 4.19.67-2 (2019-08-28) x86_64 GNU/Linux）を実行しています
マイクとヘッドホンは機能しているのに、スピーカーで音を鳴らすことができませんでした。
一方、スピーカーは無音のときにシステムによって検出されます。これは私のコンピュータに関する情報です：
$ inxi -Fx
System: Host: msi-debian Kernel: 4.19.0-6-AMD64 x86_64 bits: 64 compiler: gcc v: 8.3.0 Desktop: Gnome 3.30.2
Distro: Debian GNU/Linux 10 (buster)
Machine: Type: Laptop System: Micro-Star product: GL63 8SE v: REV:1.0 serial: <root required>
Mobo: Micro-Star model: MS-16P7 v: REV:1.0 serial: <root required> UEFI: American Megatrends v: E16P7IMS.105
date: 11/26/2018
Battery: ID-1: BAT1 charge: 34.1 Wh condition: 49.6/53.4 Wh (93%) model: MSI BIF0_9 status: Discharging
CPU: Topology: 6-Core model: Intel Core i7-8750H bits: 64 type: MT MCP Arch: Kaby Lake rev: A L2 cache: 9216 KiB
flags: lm nx pae sse sse2 sse3 sse4_1 sse4_2 ssse3 vmx bogomips: 52992
Speed: 800 MHz min/max: 800/4100 MHz Core speeds (MHz): 1: 800 2: 800 3: 801 4: 800 5: 800 6: 800 7: 800 8: 800
9: 800 10: 800 11: 800 12: 800
Graphics: Device-1: Intel UHD Graphics 630 vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: i915 v: kernel bus ID: 00:02.0
Device-2: NVIDIA TU106M [GeForce RTX 2060 Mobile] vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: nvidia v: 418.74 bus ID: 01:00.0
Display: x11 server: X.Org 1.20.4 driver: modesetting,nouveau,nvidia unloaded: fbdev,vesa
resolution: 1920x1080~120Hz
OpenGL: renderer: Mesa DRI Intel UHD Graphics 630 (Coffeelake 3x8 GT2) v: 4.5 Mesa 18.3.6 direct render: Yes
Audio: Device-1: Intel Cannon Lake PCH cAVS vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus ID: 00:1f.3
Device-2: NVIDIA TU106 High Definition Audio vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: snd_hda_intel v: kernel bus ID: 01:00.1
Sound Server: ALSA v: k4.19.0-6-AMD64
Network: Device-1: Intel Wireless-AC 9560 [Jefferson Peak] driver: iwlwifi v: kernel port: 6000 bus ID: 00:14.3
IF: wlo1 state: up mac: 48:a4:72:bd:e7:b4
Device-2: Qualcomm Atheros Killer E2400 Gigabit Ethernet vendor: Micro-Star MSI driver: alx v: kernel port: 3000
bus ID: 03:00.0
IF: enp3s0 state: down mac: 00:d8:61:05:39:c3
IF-ID-1: docker0 state: down mac: 02:42:fc:9c:14:12
Drives: Local Storage: total: 1.14 TiB used: 6.68 GiB (0.6%)
ID-1: /dev/nvme0n1 vendor: Kingston model: RBUSNS8154P3256GJ size: 238.47 GiB
ID-2: /dev/sda vendor: Seagate model: ST1000LM049-2GH172 size: 931.51 GiB
Partition: ID-1: / size: 91.17 GiB used: 5.95 GiB (6.5%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda4
ID-2: /home size: 137.24 GiB used: 749.6 MiB (0.5%) fs: ext4 dev: /dev/sda5
ID-3: swap-1 size: 15.82 GiB used: 0 KiB (0.0%) fs: swap dev: /dev/sda6
Sensors: System Temperatures: cpu: 49.0 C mobo: N/A
Fan Speeds (RPM): N/A
Info: Processes: 297 Uptime: 1h 58m Memory: 15.51 GiB used: 3.01 GiB (19.4%) Init: systemd runlevel: 5 Compilers:
gcc: 8.3.0 Shell: bash v: 5.0.3 inxi: 3.0.32
PulseAudioの情報は次のとおりです。
$ pacmd list-cards
2 card(s) available.
index: 0
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_01_00.1>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 6
properties:
alsa.card = "1"
alsa.card_name = "HDA NVidia"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA NVidia at 0xa5080000 irq 17"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:01:00.1"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:01.0/0000:01:00.1/sound/card1"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "10de"
device.vendor.name = "NVIDIA Corporation"
device.product.id = "10f9"
device.product.name = "TU106 High Definition Audio Controller"
device.string = "1"
device.description = "TU106 High Definition Audio Controller"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5900, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
off: Inactiu (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <off>
ports:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
index: 1
name: <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
owner module: 7
properties:
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xa5410000 irq 154"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a348"
device.product.name = "Cannon Lake PCH cAVS"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "0"
device.description = "Audio intern"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
profiles:
input:analog-stereo: Estèreo analògic Input (priority 65, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo: Estèreo analògic Output (priority 6500, available: unknown)
output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Analog Stereo Duplex (priority 6565, available: unknown)
output:iec958-stereo: Estèreo digital (IEC958) Output (priority 5500, available: unknown)
output:iec958-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Estèreo digital (IEC958) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5565, available: unknown)
output:iec958-ac3-surround-51: Envolvent digital 5.1 (IEC958/AC3) Output (priority 300, available: no)
output:iec958-ac3-surround-51+input:analog-stereo: Envolvent digital 5.1 (IEC958/AC3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 365, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output (priority 5900, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5965, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 865, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output (priority 800, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 865, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra1+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 2) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra2: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra2: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra2: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra2+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 3) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra3: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra3: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra3: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra3+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 4) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra4: Digital Stereo (HDMI 5) Output (priority 5700, available: no)
output:hdmi-stereo-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Stereo (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 5765, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround-extra4: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 5.1 (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra4: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5) Output (priority 600, available: no)
output:hdmi-surround71-extra4+input:analog-stereo: Digital Surround 7.1 (HDMI 5) Output + Estèreo analògic Input (priority 665, available: unknown)
off: Inactiu (priority 0, available: unknown)
active profile: <output:analog-stereo+input:analog-stereo>
sinks:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#35: Audio intern Estèreo analògic
sources:
alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo.monitor/#43: Monitor of Audio intern Estèreo analògic
alsa_input.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo/#44: Audio intern Estèreo analògic
ports:
analog-input-internal-mic: Internal Microphone (priority 8900, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-input-mic: Microphone (priority 8700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-input-microphone"
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
iec958-stereo-output: Digital Output (S/PDIF) (priority 0, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
hdmi-output-0: HDMI / DisplayPort (priority 5900, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-1: HDMI / DisplayPort 2 (priority 5800, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-2: HDMI / DisplayPort 3 (priority 5700, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-3: HDMI / DisplayPort 4 (priority 5600, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
hdmi-output-4: HDMI / DisplayPort 5 (priority 5500, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "video-display"
私はpacmd set-profile-cardを使用して可能なプロファイルの組み合わせをすべて試しましたが、何をすべきかわかりません。さらに、alsamixerを通じて、ミュートされているスピーカーがないことを確認しました（または、ミュートされているスピーカーがないことを確認しました）。
更新：
$ pacmd list-sinks
1 sink(s) available.
* index: 0
name: <alsa_output.pci-0000_00_1f.3.analog-stereo>
driver: <module-alsa-card.c>
flags: HARDWARE HW_MUTE_CTRL HW_VOLUME_CTRL DECIBEL_VOLUME LATENCY FLAT_VOLUME DYNAMIC_LATENCY
state: SUSPENDED
suspend cause: IDLE
priority: 9039
volume: front-left: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB, front-right: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
balance 0,00
base volume: 65536 / 100% / 0,00 dB
volume steps: 65537
muted: no
current latency: 0,00 ms
max request: 0 KiB
max rewind: 0 KiB
monitor source: 0
sample spec: s16le 2ch 44100Hz
channel map: front-left,front-right
Estèreo
used by: 0
linked by: 0
configured latency: 0,00 ms; range is 0,50 .. 2000,00 ms
card: 1 <alsa_card.pci-0000_00_1f.3>
module: 7
properties:
alsa.resolution_bits = "16"
device.api = "alsa"
device.class = "sound"
alsa.class = "generic"
alsa.subclass = "generic-mix"
alsa.name = "ALC1220 Analog"
alsa.id = "ALC1220 Analog"
alsa.subdevice = "0"
alsa.subdevice_name = "subdevice #0"
alsa.device = "0"
alsa.card = "0"
alsa.card_name = "HDA Intel PCH"
alsa.long_card_name = "HDA Intel PCH at 0xa5410000 irq 154"
alsa.driver_name = "snd_hda_intel"
device.bus_path = "pci-0000:00:1f.3"
sysfs.path = "/devices/pci0000:00/0000:00:1f.3/sound/card0"
device.bus = "pci"
device.vendor.id = "8086"
device.vendor.name = "Intel Corporation"
device.product.id = "a348"
device.product.name = "Cannon Lake PCH cAVS"
device.form_factor = "internal"
device.string = "front:0"
device.buffering.buffer_size = "352800"
device.buffering.fragment_size = "176400"
device.access_mode = "mmap+timer"
device.profile.name = "analog-stereo"
device.profile.description = "Estèreo analògic"
device.description = "Audio intern Estèreo analògic"
alsa.mixer_name = "Realtek ALC1220"
alsa.components = "HDA:10ec1220,14621275,00100101 HDA:8086280b,80860101,00100000"
module-udev-detect.discovered = "1"
device.icon_name = "audio-card-pci"
ports:
analog-output-speaker: Speakers (priority 10000, latency offset 0 usec, available: unknown)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-speakers"
analog-output-headphones: Headphones (priority 9000, latency offset 0 usec, available: no)
properties:
device.icon_name = "audio-headphones"
active port: <analog-output-speaker>
更新2：alsamixer -c 0の出力
Ubuntuで知られているのと同じバグかもしれないようです：
https://bugs.launchpad.net/ubuntu/+source/alsa-driver/+bug/1812693
このWikiには回避策の提案があります。
https://blog.kafaiworks.com/posts/Arch-linux-audio-setup-on-msi-gp63/
回避策は次のように/usr/share/pulseaudio/alsa-mixer/paths/analog-output-speaker.confファイルを編集することです：
[Element Headphone]
switch = off
volume = merge
override-map.1 = all
override-map.2 = all-left,all-right
[Element Speaker]
required-any = any
switch = mute
volume = off
そして、pulseaudioを再起動します（Debian 10ではsystemdユーザーごとのサービスとして実装されています）：
systemctl --user restart pulseaudio.service
回避策を正しく理解している場合は、フロントスピーカーとヘッドフォンの音量/ミュートコントロールが何らかの方法で誤配線/相互接続されている可能性があります。
パッケージalsa-tools-guiのhdajackretaskツールも役立つかもしれません。ラップトップモデルの有効なオーバーライド設定が見つかった場合は、おそらく Linuxオーディオドライバーの開発者に連絡する で報告してください。その結果、特定のシステムモデルに自動的に適用されるようにオーバーライドを行うことができます。
MSI GL73はどうやら同じALC1220サウンドコーデックを使用し、Clevo P950と同じサウンドルーティングにも同じ修正が必要でした。 大まかな推測として、次の内容の/etc/modprobe.d/sound-fixup.confという名前のファイルを追加してみてください。 ：
options snd-hda-intel model=clevo-p950
次に、ルートとしてupdate-initramfs -uを実行して、変更が早期起動でも有効になることを確認し、再起動して、改善の結果かどうかを確認します。 MSIがモデルをGL73と同じように配線している場合、これで修正される可能性があります。そうでない場合は、/etc/modprobe.d/sound-fixup.confファイルを削除し、update-initramfs -uを再度実行して、オプションを完全に削除します。
デフォルトのシンクを設定してみてください
pacmd list-sinks
# use output from list-sinks:
pactl set-default-sink alsa_output.pci-0000_02_02.0.analog-stereo
# also
pactl set-sink-volume 0 100%
pactl set-sink-mute 0 0