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クライアントが一部のDHCPサーバーからアドレスを取得していない

イーサネット経由で大規模なネットワーク（数百のデバイス）に接続する必要があり、DHCPプロトコルを使用して構成する必要があるいくつかの組み込みデバイスに取り組んでいます。私が経験しているのは、明らかにデバイスは一部のネットワークではアドレスを取得しますが、他のネットワークでは取得しないということです。クライアント、スイッチ、DHCPサーバー（Ubuntu Linux）を1つだけ使用してテストネットワークをセットアップしました。アドレスが正しく割り当てられ、DHCPサーバーログにDORAシーケンスが表示されます。

同じクライアントをDHCPサーバーを使用して共通のホームルーターに接続しようとしましたが（これは私のホームルーターなので、正常に動作しているはずです）、IPアドレスがクライアントによって取得されません。これは、デバイスのシーケンスダンプです。

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
     86 26.515684000   ::                    ff02::16              ICMPv6   90     Multicast Listener Report Message v2

Frame 86: 90 bytes on wire (720 bits), 90 bytes captured (720 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_00:00:00:16 (33:33:00:00:00:16)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: :: (::), Dst: ff02::16 (ff02::16)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
     87 26.515688000   ::                    ff02::1:ff91:de41     ICMPv6   78     Neighbor Solicitation for fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41

Frame 87: 78 bytes on wire (624 bits), 78 bytes captured (624 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_ff:91:de:41 (33:33:ff:91:de:41)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: :: (::), Dst: ff02::1:ff91:de41 (ff02::1:ff91:de41)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
     88 26.596056000   0.0.0.0               255.255.255.255       DHCP     371    DHCP Discover - Transaction ID 0xb444e919

Frame 88: 371 bytes on wire (2968 bits), 371 bytes captured (2968 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0), Dst: 255.255.255.255 (255.255.255.255)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: bootpc (68), Dst Port: bootps (67)
Bootstrap Protocol
    Message type: Boot Request (1)
    Hardware type: Ethernet
    Hardware address length: 6
    Hops: 0
    Transaction ID: 0xb444e919
    Seconds elapsed: 0
    Bootp flags: 0x0000 (Unicast)
    Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Your (client) IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Next server IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Relay agent IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Client MAC address: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41)
    Client hardware address padding: 00000000000000000000
    Server Host name not given
    Boot file name not given
    Magic cookie: DHCP
    Option: (53) DHCP Message Type
    Option: (57) Maximum DHCP Message Size
    Option: (60) Vendor class identifier
    Option: (12) Host Name
    Option: (55) Parameter Request List
    Option: (255) End

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
     94 27.515730000   fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 ff02::2               ICMPv6   70     Router Solicitation from 00:60:6e:91:de:41

Frame 94: 70 bytes on wire (560 bits), 70 bytes captured (560 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_00:00:00:02 (33:33:00:00:00:02)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 (fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41), Dst: ff02::2 (ff02::2)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    119 30.427837000   0.0.0.0               255.255.255.255       DHCP     371    DHCP Discover - Transaction ID 0xb444e919

Frame 119: 371 bytes on wire (2968 bits), 371 bytes captured (2968 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0), Dst: 255.255.255.255 (255.255.255.255)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: bootpc (68), Dst Port: bootps (67)
Bootstrap Protocol
    Message type: Boot Request (1)
    Hardware type: Ethernet
    Hardware address length: 6
    Hops: 0
    Transaction ID: 0xb444e919
    Seconds elapsed: 4
    Bootp flags: 0x0000 (Unicast)
    Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Your (client) IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Next server IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Relay agent IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Client MAC address: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41)
    Client hardware address padding: 00000000000000000000
    Server Host name not given
    Boot file name not given
    Magic cookie: DHCP
    Option: (53) DHCP Message Type
    Option: (57) Maximum DHCP Message Size
    Option: (60) Vendor class identifier
    Option: (12) Host Name
    Option: (55) Parameter Request List
    Option: (255) End

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    122 30.985580000   fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 ff02::16              ICMPv6   90     Multicast Listener Report Message v2

Frame 122: 90 bytes on wire (720 bits), 90 bytes captured (720 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_00:00:00:16 (33:33:00:00:00:16)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 (fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41), Dst: ff02::16 (ff02::16)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    127 31.525478000   fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 ff02::2               ICMPv6   70     Router Solicitation from 00:60:6e:91:de:41

Frame 127: 70 bytes on wire (560 bits), 70 bytes captured (560 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_00:00:00:02 (33:33:00:00:00:02)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 (fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41), Dst: ff02::2 (ff02::2)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    138 35.535297000   fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 ff02::2               ICMPv6   70     Router Solicitation from 00:60:6e:91:de:41

Frame 138: 70 bytes on wire (560 bits), 70 bytes captured (560 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: IPv6mcast_00:00:00:02 (33:33:00:00:00:02)
Internet Protocol Version 6, Src: fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41 (fe80::260:6eff:fe91:de41), Dst: ff02::2 (ff02::2)
Internet Control Message Protocol v6

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    142 39.405342000   0.0.0.0               255.255.255.255       DHCP     371    DHCP Discover - Transaction ID 0xb444e919

Frame 142: 371 bytes on wire (2968 bits), 371 bytes captured (2968 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0), Dst: 255.255.255.255 (255.255.255.255)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: bootpc (68), Dst Port: bootps (67)
Bootstrap Protocol
    Message type: Boot Request (1)
    Hardware type: Ethernet
    Hardware address length: 6
    Hops: 0
    Transaction ID: 0xb444e919
    Seconds elapsed: 13
    Bootp flags: 0x0000 (Unicast)
    Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Your (client) IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Next server IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Relay agent IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Client MAC address: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41)
    Client hardware address padding: 00000000000000000000
    Server Host name not given
    Boot file name not given
    Magic cookie: DHCP
    Option: (53) DHCP Message Type
    Option: (57) Maximum DHCP Message Size
    Option: (60) Vendor class identifier
    Option: (12) Host Name
    Option: (55) Parameter Request List
    Option: (255) End

No.     Time           Source                Destination           Protocol Length Info
    392 55.264802000   0.0.0.0               255.255.255.255       DHCP     371    DHCP Discover - Transaction ID 0xb444e919

Frame 392: 371 bytes on wire (2968 bits), 371 bytes captured (2968 bits) on interface 0
Ethernet II, Src: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41), Dst: Broadcast (ff:ff:ff:ff:ff:ff)
Internet Protocol Version 4, Src: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0), Dst: 255.255.255.255 (255.255.255.255)
User Datagram Protocol, Src Port: bootpc (68), Dst Port: bootps (67)
Bootstrap Protocol
    Message type: Boot Request (1)
    Hardware type: Ethernet
    Hardware address length: 6
    Hops: 0
    Transaction ID: 0xb444e919
    Seconds elapsed: 29
    Bootp flags: 0x0000 (Unicast)
    Client IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Your (client) IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Next server IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Relay agent IP address: 0.0.0.0 (0.0.0.0)
    Client MAC address: DavicomS_91:de:41 (00:60:6e:91:de:41)
    Client hardware address padding: 00000000000000000000
    Server Host name not given
    Boot file name not given
    Magic cookie: DHCP
    Option: (53) DHCP Message Type
    Option: (57) Maximum DHCP Message Size
    Option: (60) Vendor class identifier
    Option: (12) Host Name
    Option: (55) Parameter Request List
    Option: (255) End

DHCP検出が応答されないことは私の理解です。これは正しいです？理由はわかりますか？

編集：wiresharkを使用してパケットを再度チェックしようとしましたが、オプションオプション：（53）DHCPメッセージタイプが表示されます。それを展開すると、DHCPディスカバリーが表示されます。それは私にはDHCPのように思えます。また、wiresharkを使用してMac OS X DHCPパケットを確認しましたが、パケットに「メッセージタイプ：ブート要求（1）」が表示されます。唯一の違いは、DHCPディスカバリが送信されず、アドレスのDHCP要求のみが送信されることです。また、同じアダプターがWindows7では機能しません。

それで、これは本当にbootpプロトコルですか？確認できますか？それともDHCPですか？また、DHCP Discoverメッセージは送信されるのに、DHCPオファーは返送されないのはなぜですか？

dhcpethernetwiresharkdhcp-serverembedded
5
Luca Carlon

問題は、クライアントが話していないことです [〜＃〜] dhcp [〜＃〜] しかし bootp 。設計上の制限や構成設定のため、すべてのdhcpサーバーがbootpも処理するわけではありません。

6
Serge