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Java St​​anford NLP：品詞ラベル？

here でデモされたスタンフォードNLPは、次のような出力を提供します。

Colorless/JJ green/JJ ideas/NNS sleep/VBP furiously/RB ./.

品詞タグはどういう意味ですか？公式リストが見つかりません。それはスタンフォード独自のシステムですか、それともユニバーサルタグを使用していますか？ （たとえば、JJとは何ですか？）

また、たとえば名詞を探して文を繰り返し処理しているとき、タグ.contains('N')かどうかを確認するようなことをすることになります。これはかなり弱い感じです。音声の特定の部分をプログラムで検索するより良い方法はありますか？

javanlpstanford-nlppart-of-speech
162
Nick Heiner

ペンツリーバンクプロジェクト 。 品詞タグ付け psを見てください。

JJは形容詞です。 NNSは名詞、複数形です。 VBPは動詞現在形です。 RBは副詞です。

それは英語です。中国人にとっては、ペンチャイニーズツリーバンクです。そしてドイツ人にとっては、NEGRAコーパスです。

  1. CC調整連動
  2. CD基数
  3. DT決定子
  4. EX Existential there
  5. FW外国語
  6. IN前置詞または従属接続詞
  7. JJ形容詞
  8. JJR形容詞、比較
  9. JJS形容詞、最上級
  10. LSリストアイテムマーカー
  11. MDモーダル
  12. NN名詞、単数形または質量
  13. NNS名詞、複数
  14. NNP固有名詞、単数形
  15. NNPS固有名詞、複数
  16. PDT Predeterminer
  17. POSポゼッシブエンディング
  18. PRP個人代名詞
  19. PRP $所有代名詞
  20. RB副詞
  21. RBR副詞、比較
  22. RBS副詞、最上級
  23. RP粒子
  24. SYMシンボル
  25. 〜へ
  26. UH間投詞
  27. VB動詞、基本形
  28. VBD動詞、過去形
  29. VBG動詞、動名詞または現在分詞
  30. VBN動詞、過去分詞
  31. VBP動詞、非­ 3人称単数形
  32. VBZ動詞、3人称単数形プレゼント
  33. WDT Wh­determiner
  34. WP Wh­pronoun
  35. WP $所有格の代名詞
  36. WRB Wh­adverb
258
anno
Explanation of each tag from the documentation :

CC: conjunction, coordinating
    & 'n and both but either et for less minus neither nor or plus so
    therefore times v. versus vs. whether yet
CD: numeral, cardinal
    mid-1890 nine-thirty forty-two one-tenth ten million 0.5 one forty-
    seven 1987 twenty '79 zero two 78-degrees eighty-four IX '60s .025
    fifteen 271,124 dozen quintillion DM2,000 ...
DT: determiner
    all an another any both del each either every half la many much nary
    neither no some such that the them these this those
EX: existential there
    there
FW: foreign Word
    gemeinschaft hund ich jeux habeas Haementeria Herr K'ang-si vous
    lutihaw alai je jour objets salutaris fille quibusdam pas trop Monte
    terram fiche oui corporis ...
IN: preposition or conjunction, subordinating
    astride among uppon whether out inside pro despite on by throughout
    below within for towards near behind atop around if like until below
    next into if beside ...
JJ: adjective or numeral, ordinal
    third ill-mannered pre-war regrettable oiled calamitous first separable
    ectoplasmic battery-powered participatory fourth still-to-be-named
    multilingual multi-disciplinary ...
JJR: adjective, comparative
    bleaker braver breezier briefer brighter brisker broader bumper busier
    calmer cheaper choosier cleaner clearer closer colder commoner costlier
    cozier creamier crunchier cuter ...
JJS: adjective, superlative
    calmest cheapest choicest classiest cleanest clearest closest commonest
    corniest costliest crassest creepiest crudest cutest darkest deadliest
    dearest deepest densest dinkiest ...
LS: list item marker
    A A. B B. C C. D E F First G H I J K One SP-44001 SP-44002 SP-44005
    SP-44007 Second Third Three Two * a b c d first five four one six three
    two
MD: modal auxiliary
    can cannot could couldn't dare may might must need ought shall should
    shouldn't will would
NN: noun, common, singular or mass
    common-carrier cabbage knuckle-duster Casino afghan shed thermostat
    investment slide humour falloff slick wind hyena override subhumanity
    machinist ...
NNS: noun, common, plural
    undergraduates scotches bric-a-brac products bodyguards facets coasts
    divestitures storehouses designs clubs fragrances averages
    subjectivists apprehensions muses factory-jobs ...
NNP: noun, proper, singular
    Motown Venneboerger Czestochwa Ranzer Conchita Trumplane Christos
    Oceanside Escobar Kreisler Sawyer Cougar Yvette Ervin ODI Darryl CTCA
    Shannon A.K.C. Meltex Liverpool ...
NNPS: noun, proper, plural
    Americans Americas Amharas Amityvilles Amusements Anarcho-Syndicalists
    Andalusians Andes Andruses Angels Animals Anthony Antilles Antiques
    Apache Apaches Apocrypha ...
PDT: pre-determiner
    all both half many quite such sure this
POS: genitive marker
    ' 's
PRP: pronoun, personal
    hers herself him himself hisself it itself me myself one oneself ours
    ourselves ownself self she thee theirs them themselves they thou thy us
PRP$: pronoun, possessive
    her his mine my our ours their thy your
RB: adverb
    occasionally unabatingly maddeningly adventurously professedly
    stirringly prominently technologically magisterially predominately
    swiftly fiscally pitilessly ...
RBR: adverb, comparative
    further gloomier grander graver greater grimmer harder harsher
    healthier heavier higher however larger later leaner lengthier less-
    perfectly lesser lonelier longer louder lower more ...
RBS: adverb, superlative
    best biggest bluntest earliest farthest first furthest hardest
    heartiest highest largest least less most nearest second tightest worst
RP: particle
    aboard about across along apart around aside at away back before behind
    by crop down ever fast for forth from go high i.e. in into just later
    low more off on open out over per pie raising start teeth that through
    under unto up up-pp upon whole with you
SYM: symbol
    % & ' '' ''. ) ). * + ,. < = > @ A[fj] U.S U.S.S.R * ** ***
TO: "to" as preposition or infinitive marker
    to
UH: interjection
    Goodbye Goody Gosh Wow Jeepers Jee-sus Hubba Hey Kee-reist Oops amen
    huh howdy uh dammit whammo shucks heck anyways whodunnit honey golly
    man baby diddle hush sonuvabitch ...
VB: verb, base form
    ask assemble assess assign assume atone attention avoid bake balkanize
    bank begin behold believe bend benefit bevel beware bless boil bomb
    boost brace break bring broil brush build ...
VBD: verb, past tense
    dipped pleaded swiped regummed soaked tidied convened halted registered
    cushioned exacted snubbed strode aimed adopted belied figgered
    speculated wore appreciated contemplated ...
VBG: verb, present participle or gerund
    telegraphing stirring focusing angering judging stalling lactating
    hankerin' alleging veering capping approaching traveling besieging
    encrypting interrupting erasing wincing ...
VBN: verb, past participle
    multihulled dilapidated aerosolized chaired languished panelized used
    experimented flourished imitated reunifed factored condensed sheared
    unsettled primed dubbed desired ...
VBP: verb, present tense, not 3rd person singular
    predominate wrap resort sue twist spill cure lengthen brush terminate
    appear tend stray glisten obtain comprise detest tease attract
    emphasize mold postpone sever return wag ...
VBZ: verb, present tense, 3rd person singular
    bases reconstructs marks mixes displeases seals carps weaves snatches
    slumps stretches authorizes smolders pictures emerges stockpiles
    seduces fizzes uses bolsters slaps speaks pleads ...
WDT: WH-determiner
    that what whatever which whichever
WP: WH-pronoun
    that what whatever whatsoever which who whom whosoever
WP$: WH-pronoun, possessive
    whose
WRB: Wh-adverb
    how however whence whenever where whereby whereever wherein whereof why
108
vaichidrewar

上記の受け入れられた答えには、次の情報がありません。

また、9個の句読点タグが定義されています（一部のリファレンスにはリストされていません。 here を参照）。これらは：

  1. ＃
  2. $
  3. ''（すべての形式の閉じ引用に使用）
  4. （（すべての形式の開き括弧に使用）
  5. ）（すべての形式の閉じ括弧に使用）
  6. 、
  7. 。 （すべての文末句読点に使用）
  8. ：（コロン、セミコロン、楕円に使用）
  9. ``（すべての形式の開始引用に使用）
32
Jules

以下は、Penn Treebankのタグの完全なリストです（完全性のためにここに投稿されています）。

http://www.surdeanu.info/mihai/teaching/ista555-fall13/readings/PennTreebankConstituents.html

また、句および句レベルのタグも含まれます。

句レベル

- S
- SBAR
- SBARQ
- SINV
- SQ

フレーズレベル

- ADJP
- ADVP
- CONJP
- FRAG
- INTJ
- LST
- NAC
- NP
- NX
- PP
- PRN
- PRT
- QP
- RRC
- UCP
- VP
- WHADJP
- WHAVP
- WHNP
- WHPP
- X

（リンクの説明）

16
Iulius Curt

コーディングしたい場合に備えて...

/**
 * Represents the English parts-of-speech, encoded using the
 * de facto <a href="http://www.cis.upenn.edu/~treebank/">Penn Treebank
 * Project</a> standard.
 * 
 * @see <a href="ftp://ftp.cis.upenn.edu/pub/treebank/doc/tagguide.ps.gz">Penn Treebank Specification</a>
 */
public enum PartOfSpeech {
  ADJECTIVE( "JJ" ),
  ADJECTIVE_COMPARATIVE( ADJECTIVE + "R" ),
  ADJECTIVE_SUPERLATIVE( ADJECTIVE + "S" ),

  /* This category includes most words that end in -ly as well as degree
   * words like quite, too and very, posthead modi ers like enough and
   * indeed (as in good enough, very well indeed), and negative markers like
   * not, n't and never.
   */
  ADVERB( "RB" ),

  /* Adverbs with the comparative ending -er but without a strictly comparative
   * meaning, like <i>later</i> in <i>We can always come by later</i>, should
   * simply be tagged as RB.
   */
  ADVERB_COMPARATIVE( ADVERB + "R" ),
  ADVERB_SUPERLATIVE( ADVERB + "S" ),

  /* This category includes how, where, why, etc.
   */
  ADVERB_WH( "W" + ADVERB ),

  /* This category includes and, but, nor, or, yet (as in Y et it's cheap,
   * cheap yet good), as well as the mathematical operators plus, minus, less,
   * times (in the sense of "multiplied by") and over (in the sense of "divided
   * by"), when they are spelled out. <i>For</i> in the sense of "because" is
   * a coordinating conjunction (CC) rather than a subordinating conjunction.
   */
  CONJUNCTION_COORDINATING( "CC" ),
  CONJUNCTION_SUBORDINATING( "IN" ),
  CARDINAL_NUMBER( "CD" ),
  DETERMINER( "DT" ),

  /* This category includes which, as well as that when it is used as a
   * relative pronoun.
   */
  DETERMINER_WH( "W" + DETERMINER ),
  EXISTENTIAL_THERE( "EX" ),
  FOREIGN_Word( "FW" ),

  LIST_ITEM_MARKER( "LS" ),

  NOUN( "NN" ),
  NOUN_PLURAL( NOUN + "S" ),
  NOUN_PROPER_SINGULAR( NOUN + "P" ),
  NOUN_PROPER_PLURAL( NOUN + "PS" ),

  PREDETERMINER( "PDT" ),
  POSSESSIVE_ENDING( "POS" ),

  PRONOUN_PERSONAL( "PRP" ),
  PRONOUN_POSSESSIVE( "PRP$" ),

  /* This category includes the wh-Word whose.
   */
  PRONOUN_POSSESSIVE_WH( "WP$" ),

  /* This category includes what, who and whom.
   */
  PRONOUN_WH( "WP" ),

  PARTICLE( "RP" ),

  /* This tag should be used for mathematical, scientific and technical symbols
   * or expressions that aren't English words. It should not used for any and
   * all technical expressions. For instance, the names of chemicals, units of
   * measurements (including abbreviations thereof) and the like should be
   * tagged as nouns.
   */
  SYMBOL( "SYM" ),
  TO( "TO" ),

  /* This category includes my (as in M y, what a gorgeous day), oh, please,
   * see (as in See, it's like this), uh, well and yes, among others.
   */
  INTERJECTION( "UH" ),

  VERB( "VB" ),
  VERB_PAST_TENSE( VERB + "D" ),
  VERB_PARTICIPLE_PRESENT( VERB + "G" ),
  VERB_PARTICIPLE_PAST( VERB + "N" ),
  VERB_SINGULAR_PRESENT_NONTHIRD_PERSON( VERB + "P" ),
  VERB_SINGULAR_PRESENT_THIRD_PERSON( VERB + "Z" ),

  /* This category includes all verbs that don't take an -s ending in the
   * third person singular present: can, could, (dare), may, might, must,
   * ought, shall, should, will, would.
   */
  VERB_MODAL( "MD" ),

  /* Stanford.
   */
  SENTENCE_TERMINATOR( "." );

  private final String tag;

  private PartOfSpeech( String tag ) {
    this.tag = tag;
  }

  /**
   * Returns the encoding for this part-of-speech.
   * 
   * @return A string representing a Penn Treebank encoding for an English
   * part-of-speech.
   */
  public String toString() {
    return getTag();
  }

  protected String getTag() {
    return this.tag;
  }

  public static PartOfSpeech get( String value ) {
    for( PartOfSpeech v : values() ) {
      if( value.equals( v.getTag() ) ) {
        return v;
      }
    }

    throw new IllegalArgumentException( "Unknown part of speech: '" + value + "'." );
  }
}
12
Dave Jarvis

ここにリスト全体を提供し、参照リンクも提供しています

1.  CC   Coordinating conjunction
2.  CD   Cardinal number
3.  DT   Determiner
4.  EX   Existential there
5.  FW   Foreign Word
6.  IN   Preposition or subordinating conjunction
7.  JJ   Adjective
8.  JJR  Adjective, comparative
9.  JJS  Adjective, superlative
10. LS   List item marker
11. MD   Modal
12. NN   Noun, singular or mass
13. NNS  Noun, plural
14. NNP  Proper noun, singular
15. NNPS Proper noun, plural
16. PDT  Predeterminer
17. POS  Possessive ending
18. PRP  Personal pronoun
19. PRP$ Possessive pronoun
20. RB   Adverb
21. RBR  Adverb, comparative
22. RBS  Adverb, superlative
23. RP   Particle
24. SYM  Symbol
25. TO   to
26. UH   Interjection
27. VB   Verb, base form
28. VBD  Verb, past tense
29. VBG  Verb, gerund or present participle
30. VBN  Verb, past participle
31. VBP  Verb, non-3rd person singular present
32. VBZ  Verb, 3rd person singular present
33. WDT  Wh-determiner
34. WP   Wh-pronoun
35. WP$  Possessive wh-pronoun
36. WRB  Wh-adverb

品詞タグの全リストを見つけることができます こちら 。

6
Sri

特定のPOS（例：名詞）タグ付きのワード/チャンクを見つけるという2番目の質問については、以下のサンプルコードをご覧ください。

public static void main(String[] args) {
    Properties properties = new Properties();
    properties.put("annotators", "tokenize, ssplit, pos, lemma, ner, parse");
    StanfordCoreNLP pipeline = new StanfordCoreNLP(properties);

    String input = "Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.";
    Annotation annotation = pipeline.process(input);
    List<CoreMap> sentences = annotation.get(CoreAnnotations.SentencesAnnotation.class);
    List<String> output = new ArrayList<>();
    String regex = "([{pos:/NN|NNS|NNP/}])"; //Noun
    for (CoreMap sentence : sentences) {
        List<CoreLabel> tokens = sentence.get(CoreAnnotations.TokensAnnotation.class);
        TokenSequencePattern pattern = TokenSequencePattern.compile(regex);
        TokenSequenceMatcher matcher = pattern.getMatcher(tokens);
        while (matcher.find()) {
            output.add(matcher.group());
        }
    }
    System.out.println("Input: "+input);
    System.out.println("Output: "+output);
}

出力は次のとおりです。

Input: Colorless green ideas sleep furiously.
Output: [ideas]
4
Ashok Kumar Pant

Brown Corpus tags のようです。

2
Jonathan Feinberg

他の言語のStanford CoreNLPタグ：フランス語、スペイン語、ドイツ語...

デフォルトのモデルである英語用のパーサーを使用しています。他の言語（フランス語、スペイン語、ドイツ語など）でパーサーを使用できますが、トークナイザーと品詞タガーの両方が言語ごとに異なることに注意してください。そのためには、言語の特定のモデルをダウンロードし（たとえばMavenなどのビルダーを使用）、使用するモデルを設定する必要があります。 ここ これについての詳細情報があります。

ここに異なる言語のタグのリストがあります：

  1. Stanford CoreNLP POS Tags for Spanish
  2. Stanford CoreNLP POS Tagger for Germanは Stuttgart-TübingenTag Set（STTS） を使用します
  3. フランス語のStanford CoreNLP POSタガーは、次のタグを使用します。

フランス語のタグ：

フランス語の品詞タグ

A     (adjective)
Adv   (adverb)
CC    (coordinating conjunction)
Cl    (weak clitic pronoun)
CS    (subordinating conjunction)
D     (determiner)
ET    (foreign Word)
I     (interjection)
NC    (common noun)
NP    (proper noun)
P     (preposition)
PREF  (prefix)
PRO   (strong pronoun)
V     (verb)
PONCT (punctuation mark)

フランス語のフレーズカテゴリタグ：

AP     (adjectival phrases)
AdP    (adverbial phrases)
COORD  (coordinated phrases)
NP     (noun phrases)
PP     (prepositional phrases)
VN     (verbal nucleus)
VPinf  (infinitive clauses)
VPpart (nonfinite clauses)
SENT   (sentences)
Sint, Srel, Ssub (finite clauses)

フランス語の構文関数：

SUJ    (subject)
OBJ    (direct object)
ATS    (predicative complement of a subject)
ATO    (predicative complement of a direct object)
MOD    (modifier or adjunct)
A-OBJ  (indirect complement introduced by à)
DE-OBJ (indirect complement introduced by de)
P-OBJ  (indirect complement introduced by another preposition)
0
Catalina Chircu