Mysqlでこのテーブルを検討してください
create table numbers (number int);
insert into numbers values (3), (2), (9);
select * from numbers;
+--------+
| number |
+--------+
| 3 |
| 2 |
| 9 |
+--------+
次の列を持つテーブルを生成する簡単なクエリはありますか
これを行うには、一連の数値を作成する必要があると思います。できれば、そのようなシーケンスをデータベースに保存せずに作成したいと考えています。
関連質問:1から10(または100または1000)までの数列を生成する選択クエリはありますか?
MariaDBにはSEQUENCEストレージエンジン があります。したがって、MariaDBを使用している場合は、すべてのシーケンスの問題が解消されています(またはまだ始まったばかりです)。
10個の数字のシーケンス
select * from seq_1_to_10;
10個の数字のシーケンス
select * from
(select 0 x union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A;
100個の数字のシーケンス
select (t*10+u+1) x from
(select 0 t union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A,
(select 0 u union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) B
order by x;
1000の数字のシーケンス
select (h*100+t*10+u+1) x from
(select 0 h union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A,
(select 0 t union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) B,
(select 0 u union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) C
order by x;
10000の数字のシーケンス
select (th*1000+h*100+t*10+u+1) x from
(select 0 th union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A,
(select 0 h union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) B,
(select 0 t union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) C,
(select 0 u union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) D
order by x;
10個の数字のシーケンス
use test
drop table if exists seq10;
create table seq10
(x int not null auto_increment primary key);
insert into seq10 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
select * from seq10;
100個の数字のシーケンス
use test
drop table if exists seq100;
create table seq100
(x int not null auto_increment primary key);
insert into seq100 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
insert into seq100 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
insert into seq100 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
insert into seq100 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
insert into seq100 values (),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),(),();
insert into seq100 select x + 50 from seq100;
select * from seq100;
1000の数字のシーケンス
use test
drop table if exists seq1000;
create table seq1000
(x int not null auto_increment primary key);
insert into seq1000 values ();
set @p= -1;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq1000 select x+power(2,@p) from seq1000 where (x+power(2,@p)) <= 1000;
select * from seq1000;
任意の数のシーケンス(例:350万)
use test
drop table if exists seq;
create table seq
(x int not null auto_increment primary key);
insert into seq values ();
set @maxseq = 3500000;
set @p = -1;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
set @p=@p+1; insert into seq select x+power(2,@p) from seq where (x+power(2,@p)) <= @maxseq;
select max(x),count(x) from seq;
シーケンス0..9
を使用して、シーケンスをテーブルに対して結合しました
select A.number,1-ISNULL(B.number) present from
(select 0 number union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A
left join numbers B using (number);
新しいクエリを使用したサンプルデータ
mysql> drop table numbers;
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.01 sec)
mysql> drop table if exists numbers;
Query OK, 0 rows affected, 1 warning (0.00 sec)
mysql> create table numbers (number int);
Query OK, 0 rows affected (0.02 sec)
mysql> insert into numbers values (3), (2), (9);
Query OK, 3 rows affected (0.01 sec)
Records: 3 Duplicates: 0 Warnings: 0
mysql> select A.number,1-ISNULL(B.number) present from
-> (select 0 number union select 1 union select 2 union select 3 union select 4 union
-> select 5 union select 6 union select 7 union select 8 union select 9) A
-> left join numbers B using (number);
+--------+---------+
| number | present |
+--------+---------+
| 0 | 0 |
| 1 | 0 |
| 2 | 1 |
| 3 | 1 |
| 4 | 0 |
| 5 | 0 |
| 6 | 0 |
| 7 | 0 |
| 8 | 0 |
| 9 | 1 |
+--------+---------+
10 rows in set (0.00 sec)
mysql>
MySQL 8.0、MariaDB 10.2以降のバージョンでは、再帰CTEを使用できるため、次のようになります。
WITH RECURSIVE nums AS (
SELECT 1 AS value
UNION ALL
SELECT value + 1 AS value
FROM nums
WHERE nums.value <= 9
)
SELECT *
FROM nums;
これを変更して、選択した開始値、ステップ、終了値を使用することは明らかです。
2番目の質問については、上記を拡張することは簡単です(ロナウドの回答の一部からインスピレーションを得て)。
WITH RECURSIVE nums AS (
SELECT 1 AS value
UNION ALL
SELECT value + 1 AS value
FROM nums
WHERE nums.value <= 9
)
SELECT nums.value, 1-ISNULL(numbers.number) present
FROM nums
LEFT JOIN numbers ON numbers.number = nums.value
ORDER BY nums.value;
注:CTEは cte_max_recursion_depth
(デフォルトは1000)MySQLでは、MariaDBでは変数は max_recursive_iterations
(デフォルトは4294967295)。
編集:
MariaDB 10.3は sequence objects を導入しました(SQL Standardで定義され、たとえばOracle RDBMSで見られるように)。値はデータベースに格納されるため、これらはこの特定の質問には役立ちませんが、この機能は他のシーケンス関連のユースケースで役立つ場合があります。