Google reCAPTCHAバージョン3をクライアント側とサーバー側に統合する方法(php)。次のコードはrecaptchaを表示するために使用していますが、うまく機能していません。この統合を行う方法。
<html>
<head>
<script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX'></script>
</head>
<body>
<script>
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
grecaptcha.execute('XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX', {
action: 'action_name'
});
});
</script>
<form action="verify.php" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Your name" required>
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Your email address" required>
<textarea name="message" placeholder="Type your message here...." required></textarea>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="SUBMIT">
</form>
</body>
</html>
Verify.php
<?php
if(isset($_POST['g-recaptcha-response']) && !empty($_POST['g-recaptcha-response'])) {
//your site secret key
$secret = 'XXXX-XXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXXX';
//get verify response data
$verifyResponse = file_get_contents('https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret='.$secret.'&response='.$_POST['g-recaptcha-response']);
$responseData = json_decode($verifyResponse);
if($responseData->success):
print_r("Working Fine"); exit;
else:
print_r("No valid Key"); exit;
endif;
} else {
print_r("Not Working Captcha"); exit;
}
?>
<html>
<head>
<script src='https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=6Le7-FkUAAAAADDSsTVBvpoUB5MkesNKgPVemFf-UD'></script>
</head>
<body>
<script>
// when form is submit
$('form').submit(function() {
// we stoped it
event.preventDefault();
// needs for recaptacha ready
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
// do request for recaptcha token
// response is promise with passed token
grecaptcha.execute('6Le7-FkUAAAAADDSsTVBvpoUB5MkesNKgPVemFf-UD', {action: 'create_comment'}).then(function(token) {
// add token to form
$('form').prepend('<input type="hidden" name="token" value="' + token + '">');
$('form').prepend('<input type="hidden" name="action" value="create_comment">');
// submit form now
$('form').unbind('submit').submit();
});;
});
});
</script>
<form action="verify.php" method="post">
<input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Your name" required >
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Your email address" required>
<textarea name="message" placeholder="Type your message here...." required></textarea>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="SUBMIT">
</form>
</body>
</html>
php
$token = $_POST['token'];
$secret = 'ur secret';
$action = $_POST['action'];
// now you need do a POST requst to google recaptcha server.
// url: https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify.
// with data secret:$secret and response:$token
コードのこの時点で、ReCAPTCHAにポストリクエストを行って、トークンを検証する必要があります。これについては、 https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify に記載されています。応答は、フィールド「success」(true/false)と比較用の「action」(==)およびスコア(0.0〜1.0の数値)を持つjsonオブジェクトになります
https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/v3#api-response 。
各リクエストにアクション名を指定することもできます(create_post、update_post、create_comment ...)
これを試して。
<script>
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
grecaptcha.execute('<site-secret>', {action: 'MyForm'})
.then(function(token) {
console.log(token)
document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response').value = token;
});
});
</script>
<form action="verify.php" method="post">
<input type="hidden" id="g-recaptcha-response" name="g-recaptcha-response">
<input type="text" name="name" placeholder="Your name" required >
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Your email address" required>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="SUBMIT" >
</form>
デモを使用したサンプル作業コードは次のとおりです。
htmlサイドコード
<html>
<head>
<title>Google recapcha v3 demo - Codeforgeek</title>
<script src="https://ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/3.3.1/jquery.min.js"></script>
<script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=put your site key here"></script>
</head>
<body>
<h1>Google reCAPTHA Demo</h1>
<form id="comment_form" action="form.php" method="post" >
<input type="email" name="email" placeholder="Type your email" size="40"><br><br>
<textarea name="comment" rows="8" cols="39"></textarea><br><br>
<input type="submit" name="submit" value="Post comment"><br><br>
</form>
<script>
// when form is submit
$('#comment_form').submit(function() {
// we stoped it
event.preventDefault();
var email = $('#email').val();
var comment = $("#comment").val();
// needs for recaptacha ready
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
// do request for recaptcha token
// response is promise with passed token
grecaptcha.execute('put your site key here', {action: 'create_comment'}).then(function(token) {
// add token to form
$('#comment_form').prepend('<input type="hidden" name="g-recaptcha-response" value="' + token + '">');
$.post("form.php",{email: email, comment: comment, token: token}, function(result) {
console.log(result);
if(result.success) {
alert('Thanks for posting comment.')
} else {
alert('You are spammer ! Get the @$%K out.')
}
});
});;
});
});
</script>
</body>
</html>
PHPコード。
<?php
$email;$comment;$captcha;
if(isset($_POST['email'])){
$email=$_POST['email'];
}if(isset($_POST['comment'])){
$comment=$_POST['comment'];
}if(isset($_POST['token'])){
$captcha=$_POST['token'];
}
if(!$captcha){
echo '<h2>Please check the the captcha form.</h2>';
exit;
}
$secretKey = "put your secret key here";
$ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
// post request to server
$url = 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret=' . urlencode($secretKey) . '&response=' . urlencode($captcha);
$response = file_get_contents($url);
$responseKeys = json_decode($response,true);
header('Content-type: application/json');
if($responseKeys["success"]) {
echo json_encode(array('success' => 'true'));
} else {
echo json_encode(array('success' => 'false'));
}
?>
うまく動作します。
デモ: https://demo.codeforgeek.com/recaptcha-v3/
チュートリアル: https://codeforgeek.com/2019/02/google-recaptcha-v3-tutorial/
tldr;下部のコードにスキップします。
(Googleがリッスンしている場合、私たちはあなたの仕事が大好きです。上記のページにリンクされたもっと手の込んだ例を持っているのは素晴らしいことです。)
重要な点:「success」応答パラメータは、キャプチャが正常に評価されたかどうかのみを示し、提出が可能性が高いかどうかは示しませんスパムかどうか。
「スコア」パラメータは、知っておく必要がある結果です。スコア(0〜1の数値)が高いほど、提出物が本物である可能性が高くなり、どのしきい値(たとえば0.5)を受け入れるかはあなた次第です。
HTMLの先頭に次の行を追加して、recaptcha api.jsコードをロードします。
<script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=$reCAPTCHA_site_key"></script>
($reCAPTCHA_site_key
は 'config.php'ファイルに保存した公開 'サイトキー'です。)
サーバーにトークンを送信する必要があります(Googleから受信し、各フォーム送信に固有)。フォームデータの残りと共にPOST経由で送信するのが最も簡単だと思います。そのために、次のようにフォームに非表示フィールドを含めます。
<form id="contactForm" method="post" action="contact">
<!-- other form inputs -->
<input type="hidden" id="gRecaptchaResponse" name="gRecaptchaResponse">
<input type="submit" name="contact_submit" value="Send message">
</form>
(注:「連絡先」はcontact.phpですが、URLを.htaccessで「書き換え」ました)
次に、トークンを生成するためにデフォルトのフォーム送信をハイジャックする必要があります。ページの読み込み時にトークンを生成できましたが、トークンは2分間しか有効ではないため( https://developers.google.com/recaptcha/docs/verify ページを正しく読んでいる場合)サイトのサーバーに送信する必要がある時点で取得する方が良いと思います。
このため、フォームの終了タグの直後に次のコードを追加しました。
<script>
contactForm.addEventListener('submit', event => {
event.preventDefault()
validate(contactForm)
});
</script>
Body終了タグの直前にvalidate(form)
関数を配置しました:
function validate(form) {
//perform optional error checking on form. If no errors then request a token and put it into the hidden field
getRecaptchaToken(form)
}
//some other (optional) form validation functions
function getRecaptchaToken(form) {
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
grecaptcha.execute($reCAPTCHA_site_key, {action: 'contactForm'}).then(function(token) {
gRecaptchaResponse.value = token //set the value of the hidden field
form.submit() //submit the form
});
});
}
注:
$reCAPTCHA_site_key
はサイトの公開キーですaction: 'contactForm'
は、Google reCAPTCHAダッシュボードでこの特定のフォームの送信を識別します。バックエンドで期待どおりであることを確認することは、推奨される追加のセキュリティステップですメインのPHPファイルで、フォーム送信が受信されると:
//get the IP address of the Origin of the submission
$ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
//construct the url to send your private Secret Key, token and (optionally) IP address of the form submitter to Google to get a spam rating for the submission (I've saved '$reCAPTCHA_secret_key' in config.php)
$url = 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret=' . urlencode($reCAPTCHA_secret_key) . '&response=' . urlencode($g_recaptcha_response) . '&remoteip=' . urlencode($ip);
//save the response, e.g. print_r($response) prints { "success": true, "challenge_ts": "2019-07-24T11:19:07Z", "hostname": "your-website-domain.co.uk", "score": 0.9, "action": "contactForm" }
$response = file_get_contents($url);
//decode the response, e.g. print_r($responseKeys) prints Array ( [success] => 1 [challenge_ts] => 2019-07-24T11:19:07Z [hostname] => your-website-domain.co.uk [score] => 0.9 [action] => contactForm )
$responseKeys = json_decode($response, true);
//check if the test was done OK, if the action name is correct and if the score is above your chosen threshold (again, I've saved '$g_recaptcha_allowable_score' in config.php)
if ($responseKeys["success"] && $responseKeys["action"] == 'contactForm') {
if ($responseKeys["score"] >= $g_recaptcha_allowable_score) {
//send email with contact form submission data to site owner/ submit to database/ etc
//redirect to confirmation page or whatever you need to do
} elseif ($responseKeys["score"] < $g_recaptcha_allowable_score) {
//failed spam test. Offer the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact.
}
} elseif($responseKeys["error-codes"]) { //optional
//handle errors. See notes below for possible error codes
//personally I'm probably going to handle errors in much the same way by sending myself a the error code for debugging and offering the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact
} else {
//unkown screw up. Again, offer the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact.
}
注:
{
"success": true|false, // whether this request was a valid reCAPTCHA token for your site
"score": number // the score for this request (0.0 - 1.0)
"action": string // the action name for this request (important to verify)
"challenge_ts": timestamp, // timestamp of the challenge load (ISO format yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ssZZ)
"hostname": string, // the hostname of the site where the reCAPTCHA was solved
"error-codes": [...] // optional
}
contact.php
<?php //contact.php
require_once('config.php');
//do server-side validation of other form fields
if (/*form has been submitted and has passed server-side validation of the other form fields*/) {
$ip = $_SERVER['REMOTE_ADDR'];
$url = 'https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify?secret=' . urlencode($reCAPTCHA_secret_key) . '&response=' . urlencode($g_recaptcha_response) . '&remoteip=' . urlencode($ip);
$response = file_get_contents($url);
$responseKeys = json_decode($response, true);
if ($responseKeys["success"] && $responseKeys["action"] == 'contactForm') {
if ($responseKeys["score"] >= $g_recaptcha_allowable_score) {
//send email with contact form submission data to site owner/ submit to database/ etc
//redirect to confirmation page or whatever you need to do
} elseif ($responseKeys["score"] < $g_recaptcha_allowable_score) {
//failed spam test. Offer the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact.
}
} elseif($responseKeys["error-codes"]) { //optional
//handle errors. See notes below for possible error codes
//(I handle errors by sending myself an email with the error code for debugging and offering the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact)
} else {
//unkown screw up. Again, offer the visitor the option to try again or use an alternative method of contact.
}
exit;
} else { //(re)display the page with the form
echo <<<_END
<!DOCTYPE html>
<html lang="en">
<head>
<title>Contact | Your website</title>
<link rel="stylesheet" href="css/style.css">
<script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api.js?render=$reCAPTCHA_site_key"></script>
</head>
<body>
<!-- header etc -->
<form id="contactForm" method="post" action="contact">
//other form inputs
<input type="hidden" id="gRecaptchaResponse" name="gRecaptchaResponse">
<input type="submit" name="contact_submit" value="Send message">
</form>
<script>
contactForm.addEventListener('submit', event => {
event.preventDefault()
validate(contactForm)
});
</script>
<!-- footer etc -->
<script>
function validate(form) {
//perform optional client-side error checking of the form. If no errors are found then request a token and put it into the hidden field. Finally submit the form.
getRecaptchaToken(form)
}
//some (optional) form field validation functions
function getRecaptchaToken(form) {
grecaptcha.ready(function() {
grecaptcha.execute($reCAPTCHA_site_key, {action: 'contactForm'}).then(function(token) {
gRecaptchaResponse.value = token
form.submit()
});
});
}
</script>
</body>
</html>
_END;
config.php
<?php //config.php
//other site settings
// Google reCAPTCHA v3 keys
// For reducing spam contact form submissions
// Site key (public)
$reCAPTCHA_site_key = 'N0t-a-real-0N3_JHbnbUJ-BLAHBLAH_Blahblah';
// Secret key
$reCAPTCHA_secret_key = 'N0t-a-real-0N3_i77tyYGH7Ty6UfG-blah';
// Min score returned from reCAPTCHA to allow form submission
$g_recaptcha_allowable_score = 0.5; //Number between 0 and 1. You choose this. Setting a number closer to 0 will let through more spam, closer to 1 and you may start to block valid submissions.
Recaptchav3をASP.NETコアMVCソリューションに統合するための完全なワークフローを提供したいと思います。
appsettings.jsonファイルで:
"RecaptchaSettings": {
"Uri": "https://www.google.com/recaptcha/api/siteverify",
"SecretKey": "your private key"
"SiteKey": "your public key",
"Version": "v3"
}
ビューで(@razor構文):
@using Microsoft.Extensions.Configuration
@inject IConfiguration Configuration
<script src="https://www.google.com/recaptcha/[email protected]("RecaptchaSettings")["SiteKey"]"></script>
<script>
grecaptcha.ready(function () {
grecaptcha.execute('@Configuration.GetSection("RecaptchaSettings")["SiteKey"]', { action: 'homepage' })
.then(function (token) {
document.getElementById('g-recaptcha-response').value = token;
});
});
</script>
そしてあなたのフォームにこれを入れてください:
<form action="/">
…
<input type="hidden" id="g-recaptcha-response" name="g-recaptcha-response">
…
</form>
それを管理する簡単なメソッドを作成します。
public async Task<bool> ChallengePassed(string uri, string gRecaptchaResponse, string secret)
{
var concUri = uri + "?secret=" + secret + "&response=" + gRecaptchaResponse;
var request = new HttpRequestMessage(HttpMethod.Get, concUri);
var res = await _Client.SendAsync(request);
if (!res.IsSuccessStatusCode)
{
return false;
}
var data = await res.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
dynamic JSONdata = JObject.Parse(data);
if (JSONdata.success != "true")
{
return false;
}
return true;
}
#endregion
#region PRIVATE
#endregion
#endregion
#endregion
}
そして、単にコントローラーに呼び出しました:
//recaptcha validation
bool isChallengeOk = await _CaptchaVerify.ChallengePassed(_Configuration.GetValue<string>("RecaptchaSettings:Uri"), Request.Form["g-recaptcha-response"], _Configuration.GetValue<string>("RecaptchaSettings:SecretKey"));
startup.csの構成設定オブジェクトのインスタンスを表す「_Configuration」オブジェクトから入力パラメーターを設定していることに注意してください。手動で入力パラメーターをメソッドに渡すことができます。
楽しめ