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initdbの実行中にユーザー名を指定すると、PostgreSQLプロセスの開始時にログにエラーが発生する

PostgreSQLに別のデフォルトのユーザー名を使用することを余儀なくされました。あなたが尋ねる前に：いいえ、これは私が回避できるものではありません。ばかげていると思います。次へ移りましょう：

既存のCent OS 7/PostgreSQL 9.3インストールでこれを行うには、次のようにします。

  1. postgreSQLを停止しました
  2. データディレクトリを/var/lib/pgsqlからバックアップの場所に移動しました
  3. initdbを--username='my_postgres_user'で実行しました（yumインストールから/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/postgresql93-setupを実際にコピーし、最終的に実行されるinitdbコマンドにユーザー名パラメーターを追加したことは注目に値します）
  4. Sudo systemctl start postgresql-9.3を使用してサーバーを起動します（これらは以前のPostgreSQLのインストールで使用されていたことにも注意してください）

問題は、起動後、まだpostgresユーザーを予期しているように見えることです。ログで、私は見ます：

< 2016-01-21 17:20:23.412 EST >LOG:  database system was shut down at 2016-01-21 17:20:21 EST
< 2016-01-21 17:20:23.416 EST >LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
< 2016-01-21 17:20:23.417 EST >LOG:  autovacuum launcher started
< 2016-01-21 17:20:24.382 EST >FATAL:  role "postgres" does not exist

私のpostgresql93-setupファイル、サービス構成、および完全なinitdbログファイルの詳細は以下のとおりです。

私の/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-9.3.service：

# It's not recommended to modify this file in-place, because it will be
# overwritten during package upgrades.  If you want to customize, the
# best way is to create a file "/etc/systemd/system/postgresql-9.3.service",
# containing
#   .include /lib/systemd/system/postgresql-9.3.service
#   ...make your changes here...
# For more info about custom unit files, see
# http://fedoraproject.org/wiki/Systemd#How_do_I_customize_a_unit_file.2F_add_a_custom_unit_file.3F

# Note: changing PGDATA will typically require adjusting SELinux
# configuration as well.

# Note: do not use a PGDATA pathname containing spaces, or you will
# break postgresql-setup.
[Unit]
Description=PostgreSQL 9.3 database server
After=syslog.target
After=network.target

[Service]
Type=forking

User=postgres
Group=postgres

# Note: avoid inserting whitespace in these Environment= lines, or you may
# break postgresql-setup.

# Location of database directory
Environment=PGDATA=/var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/

# Where to send early-startup messages from the server (before the logging
# options of postgresql.conf take effect)
# This is normally controlled by the global default set by systemd
# StandardOutput=syslog

# Disable OOM kill on the postmaster
OOMScoreAdjust=-1000

ExecStartPre=/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/postgresql93-check-db-dir ${PGDATA}
ExecStart=/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl start -D ${PGDATA} -s -w -t 300
ExecStop=/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl stop -D ${PGDATA} -s -m fast
ExecReload=/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl reload -D ${PGDATA} -s

# Give a reasonable amount of time for the server to start up/shut down
TimeoutSec=300

[Install]
WantedBy=multi-user.target

私のpostgresql93-setupファイル：

#!/bin/sh
#
# postgresql-setup  Initialization and upgrade operations for PostgreSQL

# PGVERSION is the full package version, e.g., 9.3.0
# Note: the specfile inserts the correct value during package build
PGVERSION=9.3.7
# PGMAJORVERSION is major version, e.g., 9.3 (this should match PG_VERSION)
PGMAJORVERSION=`echo "$PGVERSION" | sed 's/^\([0-9]*\.[0-9]*\).*$/\1/'`
# PGENGINE is the directory containing the postmaster executable
# Note: the specfile inserts the correct value during package build
PGENGINE=/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin
# PREVMAJORVERSION is the previous major version, e.g., 9.1, for upgrades
PREVMAJORVERSION=9.1
# PREVPGENGINE is the directory containing the previous postmaster executable
PREVPGENGINE=/usr/pgsql-$PREVMAJORVERSION/bin

# The second parameter is the new database version, i.e. $PGMAJORVERSION in this case.
# Use  "postgresql-$PGMAJORVERSION" service, if not specified.
SERVICE_NAME="$2"
if [ x"$SERVICE_NAME" = x ]
then
    SERVICE_NAME=postgresql-$PGMAJORVERSION
fi

# The third parameter is the old database version, i.e. $PREVMAJORVERSION in this case.
# Use  "postgresql-$PREVMAJORVERSION" service, if not specified.
OLD_SERVICE_NAME="$3"
if [ x"$OLD_SERVICE_NAME" = x ]
then
    OLD_SERVICE_NAME=postgresql-$PREVMAJORVERSION
fi

# Find the unit file for new version.
if [ -f "/etc/systemd/system/${SERVICE_NAME}.service" ]
then
    SERVICE_FILE="/etc/systemd/system/${SERVICE_NAME}.service"
Elif [ -f "/lib/systemd/system/${SERVICE_NAME}.service" ]
then
    SERVICE_FILE="/lib/systemd/system/${SERVICE_NAME}.service"
else
    echo "Could not find systemd unit file ${SERVICE_NAME}.service"
    exit 1
fi

# Log file for pg_upgrade
PGUPLOG=/var/lib/pgsql/$PGMAJORVERSION/pgupgrade.log
# Log file for initdb
PGLOG=/var/lib/pgsql/9.3/initdb.log

# Get port number and data directory from the service file
PGPORT=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGPORT=//p' "${SERVICE_FILE}"`
PGDATA=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGDATA=//p' "${SERVICE_FILE}"`

export PGPORT
export PGDATA

# For SELinux we need to use 'runuser' not 'su'
if [ -x /sbin/runuser ]
then
    SU=runuser
else
    SU=su
fi

script_result=0

# code shared between initdb and upgrade actions
perform_initdb(){
    if [ ! -e "$PGDATA" -a ! -h "$PGDATA" ]
    then
        mkdir -p "$PGDATA" || return 1
        chown postgres:postgres "$PGDATA"
        chmod go-rwx "$PGDATA"
    fi
    # Clean up SELinux tagging for PGDATA
    [ -x /sbin/restorecon ] && /sbin/restorecon "$PGDATA"

    # Create the initdb log file if needed
    if [ ! -e "$PGLOG" -a ! -h "$PGLOG" ]
    then
        touch "$PGLOG" || return 1
        chown postgres:postgres "$PGLOG"
        chmod go-rwx "$PGLOG"
        [ -x /sbin/restorecon ] && /sbin/restorecon "$PGLOG"
    fi

    # Initialize the database
    $SU -l postgres -c "$PGENGINE/initdb --pgdata='$PGDATA' --username='my_postgres_user' --auth='ident'" >> "$PGLOG" 2>&1 < /dev/null

    # Create directory for postmaster log files
    mkdir "$PGDATA/pg_log"
    chown postgres:postgres "$PGDATA/pg_log"
    chmod go-rwx "$PGDATA/pg_log"

    if [ -f "$PGDATA/PG_VERSION" ]
    then
        return 0
    fi
    return 1
}

initdb(){
    if [ -f "$PGDATA/PG_VERSION" ]
    then
    echo $"Data directory is not empty!"
    echo
    script_result=1
    else
    echo -n $"Initializing database ... "
    if perform_initdb
    then
        echo $"OK"
    else
        echo $"failed, see $PGLOG"
        script_result=1
    fi
    echo
    fi
}

upgrade(){

## Absorb configuration settings from the specified systemd service files.

# Do the same for the old PostgreSQL version.
if [ -f "/etc/systemd/system/${OLD_SERVICE_NAME}.service" ]
then
    OLD_SERVICE_FILE="/etc/systemd/system/${OLD_SERVICE_NAME}.service"
Elif [ -f "/lib/systemd/system/${OLD_SERVICE_NAME}.service" ]
then
    OLD_SERVICE_FILE="/lib/systemd/system/${OLD_SERVICE_NAME}.service"
else
    echo "Could not find systemd unit file ${OLD_SERVICE_NAME}.service"
    exit 1
fi

## Get port number and data directory from the service file
NEWPGPORT=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGPORT=//p' "${SERVICE_FILE}"`
NEWPGDATA=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGDATA=//p' "${SERVICE_FILE}"`

## Get port number and data directory from the service file
OLDPGPORT=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGPORT=//p' "${OLD_SERVICE_FILE}"`
OLDPGDATA=`sed -n 's/Environment=PGDATA=//p' "${OLD_SERVICE_FILE}"`

# must see previous version in PG_VERSION
    if [ ! -f "$OLDPGDATA/PG_VERSION" -o \
     x`cat "$OLDPGDATA/PG_VERSION"` != x"$PREVMAJORVERSION" ]
    then
    echo
    echo $"Cannot upgrade because database is not of version $PREVMAJORVERSION."
    echo
    exit 1
    fi

    if [ ! -x "$PGENGINE/pg_upgrade" ]
    then
    echo
    echo $"Please install the postgresql92-contrib RPM."
    echo
    exit 5
    fi

# Perform initdb on the new server
$PGENGINE/postgresql92-setup initdb
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -ne 0 ]
  then
    echo "initdb failed!"
    exit 1
fi

# Check the clusters first, without changing any data:
su -l postgres -c "$PGENGINE/pg_upgrade -b $PGPREVENGINE -B $PGENGINE/ -d $OLDPGDATA -D $NEWPGDATA -p $OLDPGPORT -P $NEWPGPORT -c"
RETVAL=$?
if [ $RETVAL -eq 0 ]
  then
    echo "Clusters checked successfully, proceeding with upgrade from $PREVMAJORVERSION to $PGMAJORVERSION"
    echo "Stopping old cluster"
    /bin/systemctl stop $OLD_SERVICE_NAME.service
    #/sbin/service $OLD_INIT_SCRIPT stop

    # Set up log file for pg_upgrade
    rm -f "$PGUPLOG"
    touch "$PGUPLOG" || exit 1
    chown postgres:postgres "$PGUPLOG"
    chmod go-rwx "$PGUPLOG"
    [ -x /sbin/restorecon ] && /sbin/restorecon "$PGUPLOG"

    echo "Performing upgrade"
    su -l postgres -c "$PGENGINE/pg_upgrade \
        -b $PGPREVENGINE -B $PGENGINE/ \
        -d $OLDPGDATA -D $NEWPGDATA -p $OLDPGPORT -P $NEWPGPORT" >> "$PGUPLOG" 2>&1 < /dev/null
  else
    echo "Cluster check failed. Please see the output above."
    exit 1
fi
    echo

exit 0

}

# See how we were called.
case "$1" in
  initdb)
    initdb
    ;;
  upgrade)
    upgrade
    ;;
  *)
    echo $"Usage: $0 {initdb|upgrade} [ service_name ]"
    exit 2
esac

exit $script_result

Initdbからのログは次のとおりです。

The files belonging to this database system will be owned by user "postgres".
This user must also own the server process.

The database cluster will be initialized with locale "en_US.UTF-8".
The default database encoding has accordingly been set to "UTF8".
The default text search configuration will be set to "english".

Data page checksums are disabled.

fixing permissions on existing directory /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data ... ok
creating subdirectories ... ok
selecting default max_connections ... 100
selecting default shared_buffers ... 128MB
creating configuration files ... ok
creating template1 database in /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/base/1 ... ok
initializing pg_authid ... ok
initializing dependencies ... ok
creating system views ... ok
loading system objects' descriptions ... ok
creating collations ... ok
creating conversions ... ok
creating dictionaries ... ok
setting privileges on built-in objects ... ok
creating information schema ... ok
loading PL/pgSQL server-side language ... ok
vacuuming database template1 ... ok
copying template1 to template0 ... ok
copying template1 to postgres ... ok
syncing data to disk ... ok

Success. You can now start the database server using:

    /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/postgres -D /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/
or
    /usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/pg_ctl -D /var/lib/pgsql/9.3/data/ -l logfile start
postgresqlpostgresql-9.3centos
2
Chris Williams

これはうまくいくかもしれませんが、徹底的にテストする必要があります。

postgresシステムユーザーとして、次のようなinitdbコマンドから始めます。

/usr/pgsql-9.3/bin/initdb -D 9.3/data/ -U pgsql

（pgsqlを新しいスーパーユーザーの値に変更してください）

とあなたのpg_ident.confファイルの内容：

localmap    postgres        pgsql

pg_hba.conf からなる：

local   all             pgsql                                   peer map=localmap

そしてあなたの/usr/lib/systemd/system/postgresql-9.3.service行を追加するには：

Environment=PGUSER=pgsql

ファイルのPGDATA環境変数設定の後

そしてコメントを外して変更するlog_connections to on in your postgresql.conf

次の出力が表示されます。

< 2016-01-21 19:02:19.233 EST >LOG:  database system was shut down at 2016-01-21 19:00:46 EST
< 2016-01-21 19:02:19.234 EST >LOG:  MultiXact member wraparound protections are now enabled
< 2016-01-21 19:02:19.235 EST >LOG:  database system is ready to accept connections
< 2016-01-21 19:02:19.236 EST >LOG:  autovacuum launcher started
< 2016-01-21 19:02:20.220 EST >LOG:  connection received: Host=[local]
< 2016-01-21 19:02:20.221 EST >LOG:  connection authorized: user=pgsql database=postgres

スーパーユーザー（postgresからpgsqlへ）が変更され、peerシステムユーザーとして統計収集プロセス（自動バキュームとデータベース全体の状態と監視に重要）にpostgresスタイルのログインを試みます。 。

1
Kassandry