Python tkinter？で子ウィンドウを作成するにはどうすればよいですか？

Question

Python 3.3とtkinterを使用して、歩行者の逃亡シミュレーション用のGUIインターフェースを作成しています。

2つのシミュレーションプログラムを作成しましたが、うまく機能しました。しかし、メインアプリケーションからそれらを呼び出そうとすると、行き詰まりました。シミュレーションウィンドウを別のウィンドウに表示する（メインウィンドウの子ウィンドウを作成する）。

#flee_GUI.py #!/usr/bin/env python import tkinter class MenuBar(tkinter.Menu): def __init__(self,parent): tkinter.Menu.__init__(self,parent) ###File### fileMenu = tkinter.Menu(self, tearoff=False) self.add_cascade(label="File",underline=0, menu=fileMenu) fileMenu.add_command(label='Open',underline=1) fileMenu.add_separator() fileMenu.add_command(label="Exit", underline=1, command=self.quit) ###Run### runMenu=tkinter.Menu(self,tearoff=False) self.add_cascade(label='Run',underline=1,menu=runMenu) runMenu.add_command(label='Open Bounary Model',underline=1,command=runModel1) class Frame(tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self,parent): tkinter.Frame.__init__(self,parent) self.parent=parent def runModel1(): from drawcanvas_Alpha_7_0_open_border import cell I=cell(None) class App(tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self,parent): tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent) self.parent=parent runModel1() menubar=MenuBar(self) self.config(menu=menubar) if __name__=='__main__': app=App(None) app.mainloop() #drawcanvas_Alpha_7_0_open_border.py #!/usr/bin/env python # -*- coding:utf-8 -*- #Run this by python3.x. #If you are using Python2.x,be aware of the difference such as print,Tkinter and tkinter,etc. #from tkinter import * import tkinter import random #class cell(Frame): class cell(tkinter.Tk): def __init__(self,parent): tkinter.Tk.__init__(self,parent) self.parent=parent self.channel_length=40#aisle length (1 unit for 10 pixel) self.channel_width=40#aisle width self.Origin_x=0 self.Origin_y=0 self.pixel_unit=10 self.speed=100 self.alltime=0 self.PN=100#Number of pedestrian self.Pu=0.1 self.Pd=0.9#probability of going down if the right side were occupied self.window_width=self.Origin_x+self.channel_length*self.pixel_unit self.window_height=self.Origin_y+self.channel_width*self.pixel_unit+2*self.pixel_unit self.canvas=tkinter.Canvas( self.parent,width=self.window_width,height=self.window_height,bg='lightblue') self.Ped_x=[] self.Ped_y=[] self.block_flag=[] self.block_occupy=[] self.draw_canvas() self.draw_grid() self.draw_architecture() self.draw_pedestrian_init() self.draw_pedestrian() def draw_canvas(self): self.canvas.pack() def destroy_canvas(self): self.canvas.destroy() def destroy_architecture(self): pass def draw_grid(self): for i in range(2,self.channel_width+1): self.draw_line(0,i,self.channel_length,i) for i in range(1,self.channel_length): self.draw_line(i,0,i,self.channel_width+1) def draw_line(self,x0,y0,x1,y1,linedash=1): self.canvas.create_line( self.Origin_x+x0*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_y+y0*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_x+x1*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_y+y1*self.pixel_unit,dash=linedash) def draw(self,x0,y0,x1,y1,color='black'): self.canvas.create_rectangle( self.Origin_x+x0*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_y+y0*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_x+x1*self.pixel_unit, self.Origin_y+y1*self.pixel_unit, fill=color) for i in range(y0,y1): for j in range(x0,x1): self.block_occupy[i][j]=1 #print(j,i) def draw_architecture(self): for i in range(0,(self.channel_width+1)+1): self.block_occupy.append([]) for j in range(0,self.channel_length): self.block_occupy[i].append(0) self.draw(0,0,self.channel_length,1) self.draw(0,self.channel_width+1,self.channel_length,self.channel_width+2) self.draw(30,1,31,int(self.channel_width/2-1),'red') #self.draw(30,int(self.channel_width/2+1),31,self.channel_width+1,'red') def draw_pedestrian_init(self): Ped_count=0 while Ped_count<self.PN: self.Ped_x.append( int(random.randrange( self.Origin_x,self.Origin_x+30*self.pixel_unit)/self.pixel_unit)*self.pixel_unit) self.Ped_y.append( int(random.randrange( self.Origin_y+self.pixel_unit,self.Origin_y+(self.channel_width+1)*self.pixel_unit)/self.pixel_unit)*self.pixel_unit) tmp_x=int((self.Ped_x[Ped_count]-self.Origin_x)/self.pixel_unit) tmp_y=int((self.Ped_y[Ped_count]-self.Origin_y)/self.pixel_unit) if self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]==1: self.Ped_x.pop() self.Ped_y.pop() else: self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=1 Ped_count=Ped_count+1 self.block_flag=[self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.Ped_x[i],self.Ped_y[i], self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit,self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit,fill='green') for i in range(0,self.PN)] def draw_pedestrian(self): for i in range(0,self.PN): self.canvas.delete(self.block_flag[i]) #print(self.block_occupy) #count_f=self.PN for i in range(0,self.PN): if self.Ped_x[i]>self.Origin_x+(self.channel_length-1)*self.pixel_unit-1: #self.Ped_x[i]=self.Ped_x[i]-self.channel_length*self.pixel_unit dummy_x=int((self.Ped_x[i]-self.Origin_x)/self.pixel_unit) dummy_y=int((self.Ped_y[i]-self.Origin_y)/self.pixel_unit) self.block_occupy[dummy_y][dummy_x]=0 #count_f=self.PN-1 self.Ped_x[i]=-1 self.Ped_y[i]=-1 temp_block_flag1=[] temp_block_flag2=[] for i in range(0,self.PN): if self.Ped_x[i]!=-1: temp_block_flag1.append(self.block_flag[i]) else: temp_block_flag2.append(self.block_flag[i]) self.block_flag=temp_block_flag1 for i in range(0,len(temp_block_flag2)): self.canvas.delete(temp_block_flag2[i]) self.Ped_x=[self.Ped_x[i] for i in range(0,self.PN) if self.Ped_x[i]!=-1] self.Ped_y=[self.Ped_y[i] for i in range(0,self.PN) if self.Ped_y[i]!=-1] self.PN=len(self.Ped_x) for i in range(0,self.PN): print(self.PN,i,len(self.Ped_x)) tmp_x=int((self.Ped_x[i]-self.Origin_x)/self.pixel_unit) tmp_y=int((self.Ped_y[i]-self.Origin_y)/self.pixel_unit) if self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x+1]==0: self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0 self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x+1]=1 self.Ped_x[i]=self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit Elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==0 and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==0):#The right side is occupied,while the up and down side is free if random.uniform(0,1)<self.Pd:#go down self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0 self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]=1 self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit else:#go up self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0 self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]=1 self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]-self.pixel_unit Elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==1 #the up side is occupied,while the down side is free and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==0): self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0 self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]=1 self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]-self.pixel_unit Elif (self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]==0 #the up side is free,while the down side is occupied and self.block_occupy[tmp_y-1][tmp_x]==1): self.block_occupy[tmp_y][tmp_x]=0 self.block_occupy[tmp_y+1][tmp_x]=1 self.Ped_y[i]=self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit #print(self.block_occupy) self.block_flag=[self.canvas.create_rectangle(self.Ped_x[i],self.Ped_y[i], self.Ped_x[i]+self.pixel_unit,self.Ped_y[i]+self.pixel_unit,fill='green') for i in range(0,self.PN)] self.alltime+=1 self.after(self.speed,self.draw_pedestrian) if self.PN==0: print("Fleeing complete!,total time:",self.alltime) self.destroy_canvas() if __name__=='__main__': Io=cell(None) Io.mainloop()

メインアプリケーションからtkinterで子ウィンドウを起動するにはどうすればよいですか？

Bryan Oakley · Accepted Answer

子ウィンドウを作成するには、Toplevelのインスタンスを作成します。詳細については、 http://effbot.org/tkinterbook/toplevel.htm を参照してください。

ボタンをクリックして新しいウィンドウを作成できる例を次に示します。

import Tkinter as tk class MainWindow(tk.Frame): counter = 0 def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): tk.Frame.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) self.button = tk.Button(self, text="Create new window", command=self.create_window) self.button.pack(side="top") def create_window(self): self.counter += 1 t = tk.Toplevel(self) t.wm_title("Window #%s" % self.counter) l = tk.Label(t, text="This is window #%s" % self.counter) l.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True, padx=100, pady=100) if __name__ == "__main__": root = tk.Tk() main = MainWindow(root) main.pack(side="top", fill="both", expand=True) root.mainloop()