Swift拡張の例

Question

私はもともとこのようなものを作る方法を知りたいと思っていました

UIColor.myCustomGreen

独自の色を定義して、アプリ全体で使用できるようにします。

私は以前に拡張機能を研究していたので、おそらく問題を解決するために拡張機能を使用できると思いましたが、拡張機能の設定方法を正確に思い出すことができませんでした。この記事の執筆時点でGoogleで「Swift拡張機能」を検索した結果、 ドキュメント 、 複数 長い チュートリアル 、およびやや役に立たないスタックオーバーフローが発生しました。 質問 。

答えはそこにありますが、ドキュメントとチュートリアルを掘り下げる必要があります。 Stack Overflowにいくつかのより良い検索キーワードを追加し、拡張機能の設定方法を簡単に復習するために、この質問と次の回答を書くことにしました。

具体的に私は知りたいと思いました：

• 拡張機能はどこにありますか（ファイルおよび命名規則）？
• 拡張構文は何ですか？
• いくつかの簡単な一般的な使用例は何ですか？

Answer 1

拡張機能を作成する

File> New> File ...> iOS> Source> Swift Fileで新しいSwiftファイルを追加します。好きなように呼び出すことができます。

一般的な命名規則は、これを呼び出すことですTypeName + NewFunctionality.Swift。

例1- Double

Double + Conversions.Swift

import Swift // or Foundation

extension Double {

    func celsiusToFahrenheit() -> Double {
        return self * 9 / 5 + 32
    }

    func fahrenheitToCelsius() -> Double {
        return (self - 32) * 5 / 9
    }
}

使用法：

let boilingPointCelsius = 100.0
let boilingPointFarenheit = boilingPointCelsius.celsiusToFahrenheit()
print(boilingPointFarenheit) // 212.0

例2- String

String + Shortcuts.Swift

import Swift // or Foundation

extension String {

    func replace(target: String, withString: String) -> String {
        return self.replacingOccurrences(of: target, with: withString)
    }
}

使用法：

let newString = "the old bike".replace(target: "old", withString: "new")
print(newString) // "the new bike"

ここ は、より一般的なString拡張です。

例3- UIColor

UIColor + CustomColor.Swift

import UIKit

extension UIColor {

    class var customGreen: UIColor {
        let darkGreen = 0x008110
        return UIColor.rgb(fromHex: darkGreen)
    }

    class func rgb(fromHex: Int) -> UIColor {

        let red =   CGFloat((fromHex & 0xFF0000) >> 16) / 0xFF
        let green = CGFloat((fromHex & 0x00FF00) >> 8) / 0xFF
        let blue =  CGFloat(fromHex & 0x0000FF) / 0xFF
        let alpha = CGFloat(1.0)

        return UIColor(red: red, green: green, blue: blue, alpha: alpha)
    }
}

here も参照してください。

使用法：

view.backgroundColor = UIColor.customGreen

ノート

• 拡張機能を定義すると、組み込みのクラス関数のように、アプリのどこででも使用できます。
• 関数またはプロパティの構文がどのように見えるか正確にわからない場合は、次のことができます。 Option+同様の組み込みメソッドをクリックします。たとえば、 Option+クリックUIColor.greenColor宣言がclass func greenColor() -> UIColorであることがわかります。これは、カスタムメソッドを設定する方法の良い手がかりを与えてくれます。
• 拡張機能に関するAppleドキュメント
• Objective-Cでは、拡張機能はカテゴリと呼ばれます。

Answer 2

これにいくつかの新しい拡張メソッドを試してください：

UIColor

extension UIColor{
 //get new color from rgb value
  class func RGB(_ red:CGFloat , andGreenColor green:CGFloat, andBlueColor blue:CGFloat, withAlpha alpha:CGFloat) -> UIColor
  {
    let color = UIColor(red: red/255.0, green: green/255.0, blue: blue/255.0, alpha: alpha)
    return color
  }
}

 //return color from comma separated string of RGB paramater
  convenience init(rgbString :String, alpha:CGFloat = 1.0){
    let arrColor = rgbString.components(separatedBy: ",")
    let red:CGFloat = CGFloat(NumberFormatter().number(from: arrColor[0])!)
    let green:CGFloat = CGFloat(NumberFormatter().number(from: arrColor[1])!)
    let blue:CGFloat = CGFloat(NumberFormatter().number(from: arrColor[2])!)
    self.init(red: red/255.0, green: green/255.0, blue: blue/255.0, alpha: alpha)
  }

  //return color from hexadecimal value
  //let color2 = UIColor(rgbHexaValue: 0xFFFFFFFF)
  convenience init(rgbHexaValue: Int, alpha: CGFloat = 1.0) {
    self.init(red:  CGFloat((rgbHexaValue >> 16) & 0xFF), green: CGFloat((rgbHexaValue >> 8) & 0xFF), blue: CGFloat(rgbHexaValue & 0xFF), alpha: alpha)
  }
}

UITextField

extension UITextField{

//set cornerRadius
  func cornerRadius(){
    self.layoutIfNeeded()
    self.layer.cornerRadius = self.frame.height / 2
    self.clipsToBounds = true
  }

  //set bordercolor
  func borderColor(){
      self.layer.borderColor = TEXTFIELD_BORDER_COLOR.cgColor
      self.layer.borderWidth = 1.0
  }

  //set borderWidth
  func borderWidth(size:CGFloat){
    self.layer.borderWidth = size
  }

  //check textfield is blank
  func blank() -> Bool{
    let strTrimmed = self.text!.trim()//get trimmed string
    if(strTrimmed.characters.count == 0)//check textfield is nil or not ,if nil then return false
    {
      return true
    }
    return false
  }

  //set begginning space - left space
  func setLeftPadding(paddingValue:CGFloat) {
    let paddingView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: paddingValue, height: self.frame.size.height))
    self.leftViewMode = .always
    self.leftView = paddingView
  }

  //set end of space
  func setRightPadding(paddingValue:CGFloat){
    let paddingView = UIView(frame: CGRect(x: (self.frame.size.width - paddingValue), y: 0, width: paddingValue, height: self.frame.size.height))
    self.rightViewMode = .always
    self.rightView = paddingView
  }
}

UIFont

extension UIFont{
 // Returns a scaled version of UIFont
  func scaled(scaleFactor: CGFloat) -> UIFont {
    let newDescriptor = fontDescriptor.withSize(fontDescriptor.pointSize * scaleFactor)
    return UIFont(descriptor: newDescriptor, size: 0)
  }
}

UIImage

public enum ImageFormat {
  case PNG
  case JPEG(CGFloat)
}


extension UIImage {
  //convert image to base64 string
  func toBase64() -> String {
    var imageData: NSData
    switch format {
    case .PNG: imageData = UIImagePNGRepresentation(self)! as NSData
    case .JPEG(let compression): imageData = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self, compression)! as NSData
    }
    return imageData.base64EncodedString(options: .lineLength64Characters)
  }

  //convert string to image
  class func base64ToImage(toImage strEncodeData: String) -> UIImage {
    let dataDecoded  = NSData(base64Encoded: strEncodeData, options: NSData.Base64DecodingOptions.ignoreUnknownCharacters)!
    let image = UIImage(data: dataDecoded as Data)
    return image!
  }

  //Function for store file/Image into local directory. If image is already on the directory then first remove it and replace new image/File on that location
  func storedFileIntoLocal(strImageName:String) -> String{
    var strPath = ""
    let documentDirectory1 = NSString.init(string: String.documentDirectory())
    let imageName:String = strImageName + ".png"
    let imagePath = documentDirectory1.appendingPathComponent(imageName)
    strPath = imagePath
    let fileManager = FileManager.default
    let isExist = fileManager.fileExists(atPath: String.init(imagePath))
    if(isExist == true)
    {
      do {
        try fileManager.removeItem(atPath: imagePath as String)//removing file if exist
        // print("Remove success")
      } catch {
        print(error)
      }
    }
    let imageData:Data = UIImageJPEGRepresentation(self, 0.5)!
    do {
      try imageData.write(to: URL(fileURLWithPath: imagePath as String), options: .atomic)
    } catch {
      print(error)
      strPath = "Failed to cache image data to disk"
      return strPath
    }

    return strPath
  }


  //function for resize image
  func resizeImage(targetSize: CGSize) -> UIImage {
    let size = self.size

    let widthRatio  = targetSize.width  / self.size.width
    let heightRatio = targetSize.height / self.size.height

    // Figure out what our orientation is, and use that to form the rectangle
    var newSize: CGSize
    if(widthRatio > heightRatio) {
      newSize = CGSize(width: size.width * heightRatio, height: size.height * heightRatio)
    } else {
      //                        newSize = size
      newSize = CGSize(width: size.width * widthRatio,  height: size.height * widthRatio)
    }

    // This is the rect that we've calculated out and this is what is actually used below
    let rect = CGRect(x: 0, y: 0, width: newSize.width, height: newSize.height)

    // Actually do the resizing to the rect using the ImageContext stuff
    UIGraphicsBeginImageContextWithOptions(newSize, false, 1.0)
    self.draw(in: rect)
    let newImage = UIGraphicsGetImageFromCurrentImageContext()
    UIGraphicsEndImageContext()

    return newImage!
  }
}

日付

let YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS_zzzz = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss +zzzz"
let YYYY_MM_DD_HH_MM_SS = "yyyy-MM-dd HH:mm:ss"
let DD_MM_YYYY = "dd-MM-yyyy"
let MM_DD_YYYY = "MM-dd-yyyy"
let YYYY_DD_MM = "yyyy-dd-MM"
let YYYY_MM_DD_T_HH_MM_SS = "yyyy-MM-dd'T'HH:mm:ss"

extension Date{

  //convert string to date
  static func convertStringToDate(strDate:String, dateFormate strFormate:String) -> Date{
    let dateFormate = DateFormatter()
    dateFormate.dateFormat = strFormate
    dateFormate.timeZone = TimeZone.init(abbreviation: "UTC")
    let dateResult:Date = dateFormate.date(from: strDate)!

    return dateResult
  }

  //Function for old date format to new format from UTC to local
  static func convertDateUTCToLocal(strDate:String, oldFormate strOldFormate:String, newFormate strNewFormate:String) -> String{
    let dateFormatterUTC:DateFormatter = DateFormatter()
    dateFormatterUTC.timeZone = NSTimeZone(abbreviation: "UTC") as TimeZone!//set UTC timeZone
    dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strOldFormate //set old Format
    if let oldDate:Date = dateFormatterUTC.date(from: strDate)  as Date?//convert date from input string
    {
      dateFormatterUTC.timeZone = NSTimeZone.local//set localtimeZone
      dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strNewFormate //make new dateformatter for output format
      if let strNewDate:String = dateFormatterUTC.string(from: oldDate as Date) as String?//convert dateInUTC into string and set into output
      {
        return strNewDate
      }
      return strDate
    }
    return strDate
  }

  //Convert without UTC to local
  static func convertDateToLocal(strDate:String, oldFormate strOldFormate:String, newFormate strNewFormate:String) -> String{
    let dateFormatterUTC:DateFormatter = DateFormatter()
    //set local timeZone
    dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strOldFormate //set old Format
    if let oldDate:Date = dateFormatterUTC.date(from: strDate) as Date?//convert date from input string
    {
      dateFormatterUTC.timeZone = NSTimeZone.local
      dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strNewFormate //make new dateformatter for output format
      if let strNewDate = dateFormatterUTC.string(from: oldDate as Date) as String?//convert dateInUTC into string and set into output
      {
        return strNewDate
      }
      return strDate
    }
    return strDate
  }

  //Convert Date to String
  func convertDateToString(strDateFormate:String) -> String{
      let dateFormatter = DateFormatter()
      dateFormatter.dateFormat = strDateFormate
      let strDate = dateFormatter.string(from: self)
//      dateFormatter = nil
      return strDate
  }


  //Convert local to utc
  static func convertLocalToUTC(strDate:String, oldFormate strOldFormate:String, newFormate strNewFormate:String) -> String{
    let dateFormatterUTC:DateFormatter = DateFormatter()
    dateFormatterUTC.timeZone = NSTimeZone.local as TimeZone!//set UTC timeZone
    dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strOldFormate //set old Format
    if let oldDate:Date = dateFormatterUTC.date(from: strDate)  as Date?//convert date from input string
    {
      dateFormatterUTC.timeZone = NSTimeZone.init(abbreviation: "UTC")! as TimeZone//set localtimeZone
      dateFormatterUTC.dateFormat = strNewFormate //make new dateformatter for output format
      if let strNewDate:String = dateFormatterUTC.string(from: oldDate as Date) as String?//convert dateInUTC into string and set into output
      {
        return strNewDate
      }
      return strDate
    }
    return strDate
  }

  //Comparison two date
  static func compare(date:Date, compareDate:Date) -> String{
    var strDateMessage:String = ""
    let result:ComparisonResult = date.compare(compareDate)
    switch result {
    case .orderedAscending:
      strDateMessage = "Future Date"
      break
    case .orderedDescending:
      strDateMessage = "Past Date"
      break
    case .orderedSame:
      strDateMessage = "Same Date"
      break
    default:
      strDateMessage = "Error Date"
      break
    }
    return strDateMessage
  }
}

この関数を呼び出す：

let color1 = UIColor.RGB(100.0, andGreenColor: 200.0, andBlueColor: 300.0, withAlpha: 1.0)
let color2 = UIColor.init(rgbHexaValue: 800000, alpha: 1.0)
let color3 = UIColor.init(rgbString: ("100.0,200.0,300.0", alpha: 1.0)

self.txtOutlet.cornerRadius()
self.txtOutlet.borderColor()
self.txtOutlet.setLeftPadding(paddingValue: 20.0)
self.txtOutlet.setRightPadding(paddingValue: 20.0)

let yourScaledFont = self.dependentView.font.scaled(scaleFactor: n as! CGFloat)
let base64String = (image?.toBase64(format: ImageFormat.PNG))!
let resultImage = UIImage.base64ToImage(toImage: base64String)
let path = yourImage.storedFileIntoLocal(strImageName: "imagename")

Answer 3

Swift 3.0の例：

extension UITextField 
{    

    func useUnderline() {
        let border = CALayer()
        let borderWidth = CGFloat(1.0)
        border.borderColor = UIColor.lightGray.cgColor
        border.frame = CGRect(Origin: CGPoint(x: 0,y :self.frame.size.height - borderWidth), size: CGSize(width: self.frame.size.width, height: self.frame.size.height))
        border.borderWidth = borderWidth
        self.layer.addSublayer(border)
        self.layer.masksToBounds = true
    }
}

Answer 4

UITextFieldのテキストに下線を引く

関数ViewDidLoad()で使用されます

firstNametext.underlined(0.5)

拡張

extension UITextField {

    func underlined(_ size:Double){
        let border = CALayer()
        let width = CGFloat(size)
        border.borderColor = UIColor.red.cgColor
        border.frame = CGRect(x: 0, y: self.frame.size.height - width, 
        width:  self.frame.size.width, height: self.frame.size.height)
        border.borderWidth = width
        self.layer.addSublayer(border)
        self.layer.masksToBounds = true }
    }
}

Answer 5

IColor + util.Swift

import UIKit


extension UIColor{


    class func getCustomBlueColor() -> UIColor
    {
        return UIColor(red:0.043, green:0.576 ,blue:0.588 , alpha:1.00)
    }

    func getNameofColour() ->String
    {
        return "myOrange"
    }

}

使用法：

NSLog("\(UIColor.getCustomBlueColor())")
let color=UIColor(red:0.043, green:0.576 ,blue:0.588 , alpha:1.00);
NSLog(color.getNameofColour())

違いが何かわかることを願っています。 class funcで始まるFunctionの1つfuncのみで始まる別の関数好きなものを使用できます。

Answer 6

ブランドのマニュアルで使用されているような特定の色合いの色を使用する場合：Swift 4.2 + xcode 9.4.1。

extension UIColor {
    func withTint(tint: CGFloat)->UIColor {

        var tint = max(tint, 0)
        tint = min(tint, 1)
        /* Collect values of sender */
        var r : CGFloat = 0
        var g : CGFloat = 0
        var b : CGFloat = 0
        var a : CGFloat = 0
        self.getRed(&r, green: &g, blue: &b, alpha: &a)

        /* Calculate the tint */
        r = r+(1-r)*(1-tint)
        g = g+(1-g)*(1-tint)
        b = b+(1-b)*(1-tint)
        a = 1

        return UIColor.init(red: r, green: g, blue: b, alpha: a)
    }
}

あなたのコードで

let redWithTint = UIColor.red.withTint(tint: 0.4)

Answer 7

拡張機能と便利な初期化子の最良の例の1つ：

 extension UIActivityIndicatorView {
    convenience init(activityIndicatorStyle: UIActivityIndicatorViewStyle, color: UIColor, placeInTheCenterOf parentView: UIView) {
    self.init(activityIndicatorStyle: activityIndicatorStyle)
    center = parentView.center
    self.color = color
    parentView.addSubview(self)
  }
}

次の方法で使用できます。

1. ActivityIndi​​catorを初期化する

   let activityIndicator = UIActivityIndicatorView(activityIndicatorStyle: .whiteLarge, color: .gray,  placeInTheCenterOf: view)
   

2. アクティビティインジケータのアニメーションを開始する

   activityIndicator.startAnimating()
   

3. アクティビティインジケータのアニメーションを停止する

   activityIndicator.stopAnimating()